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Table 2 GRADE levels of certainty of the evidence (Balshem et al. 2011)

From: A methodological protocol for the development of a national guideline on perioperative management of gastrointestinal tumors in Germany

Symbol

Quality level

Interpretation

High

The true effect lies close to that of the estimated effect

Moderate

The true effect is likely to be close to the estimated effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different

Low

The true effect might be substantially different from the estimated effect

Very low

The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimated effect