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Table 1 Summary statistics of no PONV, PONV, no PDNV, and PDNV

From: Postoperative and postdischarge nausea and vomiting following ambulatory eye, head, and neck surgeries: a retrospective cohort study comparing incidence and associated factors

 

No PONV

(n = 8732)

PONV

(n = 1499)

No PDNV

(n = 9748)

PDNV

(n = 483)

Patient characteristics

 Age (years)

51.4 ± 17.8

47.6 ± 16.2

51 ± 17.6

47 ± 17

 Male Sex

4383 (50.2)

499 (33.3)

4714 (48.4)

168 (34.8)

ASA

 1

1440 (16.5)

326 (21.7)

1662 (17)

104 (21.5)

 2

6038 (69.1)

1014 (67.6)

6727 (69)

325 (67.3)

 3

1254 (14.4)

159 (10.6)

1359 (13.9)

54 (11.2)

Body mass index (kg/m2)

27.2 ± 5.6

27.2 ± 5.8

27.2 ± 5.6

26.5 ± 5.4

Current smoker

812 (9.3)

99 (6.6)

880 (9)

31 (6.4)

Service

 Otolaryngology

6933 (79.4)

1311 (87.5)

7837 (80.4)

407 (84.3)

 Opthalmology

1799 (20.6)

188 (12.5)

1911 (19.6)

76 (15.7)

Pre/intraoperative anesthesia characteristics

 Total anesthesia time (minutes)

117.7 ± 61.4

135.2 ± 71.2

120.3 ± 63

119.8 ± 67.3

 Inhalational time (minutes)

57 ± 60

88.6 ± 75.7

61.3 ± 63.1

69.2 ± 71.2

 Nitrous time (minutes)

6.8 ± 22.7

12.6 ± 34.1

7.6 ± 24.7

8.4 ± 27.4

 Propofol-only TIVA

1319 (15.1)

88 (5.9)

1374 (14.1)

33 (6.8)

 Opioid use (MME)

20.8 ± 19.2

24.8 ± 19.7

21.2 ± 19.3

24.6 ± 19

 Any opioid use

6409 (73.4)

1257 (83.9)

7260 (74.5)

406 (84.1)

Number of prophylactic antiemetics used

 0

188 (2.2)

24 (1.6)

204 (2.1)

8 (1.7)

 1

1277 (14.6)

214 (14.3)

1430 (14.7)

61 (12.6)

 2

6454 (73.9)

1021 (68.1)

7115 (73)

360 (74.5)

 3

813 (9.3)

240 (16)

999 (10.2)

54 (11.2)

Pre/intraoperative/PACU anesthesia characteristics

 Opioid use (MME)

  

33.9 ± 26.4

42 ± 26

 Any opioid use

  

8500 (87.2)

455 (94.2)

Number of prophylactic antiemetics

 0

  

170 (1.7)

6 (1.2)

 1

  

1322 (13.6)

53 (11)

 2

  

6994 (71.7)

346 (71.6)

 3

  

1182 (12.1)

75 (15.5)

 4

  

80 (0.8)

3 (0.6)

PACU phase 1 time (minutes)

  

66 ± 38.1

71.2 ± 30

PACU phase 2 time (minutes)

  

78.4 ± 49.8

97.2 ± 74.9

PONV

  

1333 (13.7)

166 (34.4)

  1. Variables in the “Pre/intraoperative anesthesia characteristics” category refer to antiemetic and opioid drug use prior to the PACU while “Pre/intraoperative/PACU Anesthesia Characteristics” variables include all data collected in the PACU. The number of prophylactic antiemetics used variable in the “Pre/intraoperative anesthesia characteristics” category does not include promethazine due to the limited number of patients who received it pre-PACU (n = 4). The other antiemetics used include ondansetron, dexamethason, and scopolamine
  2. Abbreviations: N/V nausea/vomiting, PONV postoperative nausea/vomiting, AOR adjusted odds ratio, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, TIVA total intravenous anesthesia, MME morphine milligram equivalents
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Perioperative Medicine

ISSN: 2047-0525