Table 1 Responsibilities by surgical team member roles

Surge

Surgeon: performs and supervises the procedure

SR^a

Surgical resident: the duties range from observation to assisting the surgeon during surgery

SN

Scrub nurse: ensuring the availability of surgical instruments and delivering them to the surgeon, counting surgical items, and assisting the surgeon

CN

Circulating nurse: checking the sterility of surgical items, opening instruments for the sterile field, counting surgical items, filling out paperwork

Anes

Anesthesiologist: supervises and administers anesthesia

AR^a

Anesthesia resident: the duties of an anesthesia resident range from observation to assisting the Anesthesiologist

NA

Nurse anesthetist: The nurse anesthetist receives clear and unambiguous instructions from the anesthesiologist and assists the anesthesiologist before, during, and after surgery.

C&Ss

Both circulating and scrub nurse: a surgical technologist who was both a circular nurse and a scrub nurse during the same cardiac surgery. These surgical technologists were only changed intraoperatively during long cardiac surgeries.