Table 4 Patients receiving reduced intraoperative opioids (pre to post)

Age

61.6 (7.1)

61.6 (7.0)

61.6 (7.0)

0.8755*

Race

0.5068†

 Black

64

39

103

 Other

27

16

43

 White

205

97

302

BMI

29.5 (4.6)

29.5 (4.7)

29.5 (4.7)

0.6424*

BSA

2.2 (0.21)

2.2 (0.21)

2.2 (0.21)

0.4308*

ASA score

0.9144†

 1

6

3

9

 2

131

68

199

 3

158

81

239

 4

1

0

1

Smoker

35

24

59

0.2416‡

Chronic pain (current)

17

10

27

0.8342‡

Chronic pain

34

20

54

0.6466‡

Anxiety

11

7

18

0.6217‡

Depression

11

5

16

1‡

Mood disorder

0

0

0

N/A

Drug use disorder

1

1

2

1‡

Opioid tolerant

1

1

2

1‡

Sleep apnoea

29

15

44

_1‡

Intraoperative opioid use (OME)

39.7 (33.4)

22.1 (44.3)

33.73 (38.31)

.0001*

Hospital LOS (days)

1.5 (1.4)

1.2 (0.8)

1.4 (1.2)

.0047*

Post-op antiemetics

Any (Y/N)

105

43

148

0.1259†

Average no. of doses

0.72 (1.4)

0.44 (0.9)

0.63 (1.3)

.0640*

Post-op opioids (OME)

47.0 (47.7)

34.5 [11.7, 67.5]

32.7 (40.6)

17.5 [4.8, 47.1]

42.2 (45.9)

29.7 [7.5, 63.1]

.0004*

Recovery room stay (minutes)

215 (199)

167 (122)

199 (178)

.0003*

Average pain score

 In PACU

3.5 [2, 5]

3.8 [2, 5.2]

0.512*

 On ward

2.9 [1.8, 4.1]

2.7 [1.3, 3.8]

0.208*