Table 2 Perioperative characteristics
ASA class (n, %) | ||
I | 11 | 3.1% |
II | 104 | 29.1% |
III | 231 | 64.5% |
IV | 12 | 3.4% |
Surgery duration (min, mean SD) | 197.2 | 104.5 |
Type of procedure (n, %) | ||
Craniotomy | 55 | 15.4% |
Hip fracture repair | 4 | 1.1% |
Open upper abdominal | 152 | 42.5% |
Vascular | 10 | 2.8% |
Posterior spinal fusion | 137 | 38.3% |
General anesthesia used (n, %) | 358 | 100% |
Regional anesthesia used (n, %) | 14 | 3.9% |
Spinal or epidural | 10 | 2.8% |
PNB or catheter | 4 | 1.1% |
Intraoperative transfusion (n, %) | 63 | 17.6% |
Cell saver | 38 | 10.6% |
RBC | 22 | 6.1% |
FFP | 2 | 0.6% |
Platelets | 2 | 0.6% |
Autologous blood | 3 | 0.8% |
Cryoprecipitate | 0 | 0.0% |
Intraoperative fluids | ||
Crystalloids (median, IQR) | 1754 | 1100, 2700 |
Albumin (n = 61) (mean, SD) | 284.43 | 211.25 |
Hetastarch (n = 5) (mean, SD) | 450 | 111.8 |
Urine output (mean, SD) | 453.91 | 483.7 |
Intraoperative medications (n, %) | ||
Opioids (IV) | 358 | 100.0% |
Fentanyl | 356 | 99.4% |
Morphine | 4 | 1.1% |
Hydromorphone | 162 | 45.3% |
Remifentanil | 55 | 15.4% |
Sufentanil | 1 | 0.3% |
Neuromuscular blocker | 347 | 96.9% |
Reversal | 330 | 92.2% |
Sugammadex | 302 | 84.4% |
Neostigmine | 29 | 8.1% |
Extubated in operating room (n, %) | 357 | 99.7% |
ICU admission (n, %) | 51 | 14.2% |
Discharge ASU or HOME (n, %) | 45 | 12.6% |
Death/in-hospital mortality within 30 days (n, %) | 0 | 0.0% |
Postoperative length of stay (mean, SD) | 4.03 | 4.55 |
Time in PACU (median, IQR) | 258 | (157, 416) |
Time from PACU entry to monitor start (min, mean, SD) | 14.3 | 10.5 |
Capnostream monitor duration (min, median, IQR)a | 120 | 117, 120 |