Table 3 Univariate analysis for the development of delayed neurocognitive recovery at post-op 3 day

Male (n (%))

12 (50%)

20 (55.5%)

0.096

0.798

Age (years)

61 ± 8

48 ± 14

3.881

<0.001*

ASA = 2 (n (%))

16 (66.7%)

19 (52.8%)

1.396

0.294

Hypertension (n (%))

13 (54.1%)

5 (13.9%)

11.566

0.001*

Nerve blocks

2.5

0.187

 ESPB group (n = 30)

9 (37.5%)

21 (58.3%)

 Control group (n = 30)

15 (62.5%)

15 (41.6%)

Sufentanil dose during surgery (μg/kg)

0.40 ± 0.12

0.35 ± 0.13

1.977

0.05

Remifentanil dose during surgery (μg/kg/min)

0.07 ± 0.04

0.06 ± 0.03

1.324

0.188

Resting pain score at 24h

1 (0, 1)

1 (0, 2)

− 0.364

0.716

Coughing pain score at 24h

3 (2.5, 3)

3 (3, 3)

− 0.339

0.735

Cumulative equivalent sufentanil dose at 48 h (μg/kg)

0.74 ± 0.18

0.66 ± 0.26

0.989

0.330

Chest tube drainage (days)

2 (2, 3)

3 (2, 3.5)

− 0.790

0.429

Hospital stay (days)

3 (3, 4)

4 (3, 5)

− 1.238

0.216

Education years less than 9

18 (75%)

6 (16.7%)

18.929

<0.001*

Smoking (n (%))

11 (45.8%)

7 (19.4%)

5.070

0.043*

Drinking (n (%))

12 (50%)

7 (19.4%)

6.577

0.022*

 Detection (log10 ms)

2.96 ± 0.07

2.71 ± 0.07

12.329

<0.001*

 Identification (log10 ms)

3.06 ± 0.07

2.87 ± 0.09

7.817

<0.001*

 One-card learning (arcsine accuracy)

0.89 ± 0.09

0.92 ± 0.08

− 2.086

0.204

 One-back memory (arcsine accuracy)

1.10 ± 0.20

1.15 ± 0.25

− 0.781

0.439