Table 3 Risk of complications associated with the perioperative fluid group following emergency gastrointestinal surgery
Low-FBa group (fluid balance < 0.0 L) | Moderate-FB group (fluid balance 0.0–2.0 L) | High-FB group (fluid balance > 2.0 L) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 44 | n = 108 | n = 151 | ||
Cardiopulmonary complications | 4 (9.1) | 9 (8.3) | 36 (23.8) | 0.001 |
Arrhythmia, atrial | 2 (4.5) | 4 (3.7) | 6 (4.0) | |
Arrhythmia, ventricular | 1 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | |
Acute myocardial infarction | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 2 (1.3) | |
Cardiac arrest | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | |
Pleural exudation | 1 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (6.0) | |
Pulmonary congestion | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.9) | 10 (6.6) | |
Respiratory failure | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.9) | 7 (4.6) | |
Renal complications | 5 (11.4) | 11 (10.2) | 25 (16.6) | 0.303 |
Acute kidney Injuryb | 5 (11.4) | 10 (9.3) | 18 (11.9) | |
Hydro nephrosis | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 2 (1.3) | |
Renal failure demanding dialysis | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (3.3) | |
Infectious complications | 10 (22.7) | 29 (26.9) | 45 (29.8) | 0.633 |
Superficial wound infection | 2 (4.5) | 4 (3.7) | 8 (5.3) | |
Deep wound infection | 1 (2.3) | 3 (2.8) | 1 (0.7) | |
Urinary tract infection | 2 (4.5) | 4 (3.7) | 14 (9.3) | |
Pneumonia | 5 (11.4) | 14 (13.0) | 21 (13.9) | |
Intraabdominal abscess | 0 (0.0) | 4 (3.7) | 1 (0.7) | |
Wound-related complications | 6 (13.6) | 19 (17.6) | 17 (11.3) | 0.347 |
Superficial wound rupture | 3 (6.8) | 9 (8.3) | 5 (3.3) | |
Superficial wound infection | 2 (4.5) | 2 (1.9) | 5 (3.3) | |
Deep wound infection | 1 (2.3) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.7) | |
Fascia rupture | 0 (0.0) | 7 (6.5) | 6 (4.0) |