Age (years) | Wgt (kg) | BMI | ASA | Statistical mismatches | Substantial mismatches | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Years since publication | Topic of trial | Surgical specialty | Outcome | Centres | UK centres | Risk of bias | Trial size | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | % 3 + | Age | Wgt | BMI | ASA | Age | Wgt | BMI | |
Auer 2022 Auer et al. 2022) | 0.0 | Thrombo-prophylaxis | Colorectal | NS | 12 | No | High | 614 | 61.1 (12.9) | - | 28.4 (5.6) | - | Yes↑ | - | Yes↑ | - | Yes | - | No |
Fafaj 2022 Fafaj et al. 2022) | 0.3 | Catheter | Colorectal | NS | 6 | No | High | 491 | 60 (12.6) | - | 26.1 (3.7) | 28.1 | Yes↑ | - | No | Yes↓ | No | - | No |
Gao 2022 Gao et al. 2022) | 0.5 | Nutrition | Colorectal | S | 11 | No | Fair | 229 | 60.1 (11.3) | 62.4 (7.8) | 22.9 (3.1) | - | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | Yes↓ | - | No | Yes | Yes |
Aoyama 2022 Aoyama et al. 2022) | 0.6 | Nutrition | UGI | NS | 8 | No | High | 123 | 63.7 (12.2) | 46.7 (6.7) | - | - | No | Yes↓ | - | - | No | Yes | - |
Hakovirta 2022 Hakovirta et al. 2022) | 0.6 | Inflammatory mediators | Vascular | NS | 9 | No | High | 38 | 73.5 (9.0) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Cao 2021 Cao et al. 2021) | 0.8 | Somatostatin | HPB | S | 6 | No | Fair | 199 | 58.5 (11.0) | - | 23 (3) | - | Yes↑ | - | Yes↓ | - | No | - | Yes |
de Waal 2021 Waal et al. 2021) | 1.0 | Goal-directed therapy | Mixed | NS | 2 + | No | High | 482 | 65.4 (11.4) | 78.2 (15.6) | 25.9 (4.4) | 38.6 | Yes↑ | No | Yes↓ | Yes↑ | Yes | No | No |
Marschalek 2021 Marschalek et al. 2531) | 1.2 | Hormone therapy | Gynae | NS | 2 | No | Fair | 103 | 62.7 (10.0) | - | 27.1 (4.4) | - | Yes↑ | - | No | - | Yes | - | No |
Papp 2021 Papp et al. 2021) | 1.6 | Antibiotics | Colorectal | S | 4 | No | High | 529 | 66.3 (12.2) | - | 27.2 (4.4) | - | Yes↑ | - | No | - | Yes | - | No |
Hortu 2020 Hortu et al. 2020) | 2.2 | Local anaesthetic | Gynae | S | 2 | No | Low | 108 | 52.2 (6.2) | - | 29.7 (4.6) | - | Yes↑ | - | No | - | No | - | No |
Mulder 2020 Mulder et al. 2020) | 2.3 | Antibiotics | Colorectal | S | 6 | No | Fair | 78 | 67.2 (8.5) | - | 26.8 (4.9) | 28.2 | Yes↑ | - | No | No | Yes | - | No |
Boggett 2020 Boggett et al. 2020) | 2.4 | Neuromuscular blockade | Mixed | NS | 4 | No | High | 350 | 54.5 (15.9) | - | 29.2 (6.1) | 24.4 | No | - | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | No | - | No |
Espin Basany 2020 Espin Basany et al. 2020) | 2.4 | Antibiotics | Colorectal | S | 5 | No | High | 536 | 70.8 (12.6) | - | 27.6 (4.1) | 48.9 | Yes↑ | - | Yes↑ | - | Yes | - | No |
Bohlin 2020 Bohlin et al. 2020) | 2.6 | Smoking cessation | Gynae | S | 2 + | No | High | 651 | 48 (10.0) | - | - | 1.8 | No | - | - | Yes↓ | No | - | - |
Futier 2020 Futier et al. 2020) | 2.7 | IV fluids | Mixed | NS | 20 | No | Low | 775 | 68.5 (7.0) | 81.5 (12.8) | 27.5 (5.5) | 48.6 | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | No↑ | Yes↑ | Yes | No | No |
Bretagnol 2020 Bretagnol et al. 2010) | 2.9 | Bowel prep | Colorectal | S | 8 | No | Fair | 178 | 63.5 (3.1) | - | 25 (0.8) | - | Yes↑ | - | No | - | Yes | - | No |
Linecker 2020 Linecker et al. 2015) | 3.0 | Omega 3 | HPB | NS | 3 | No | Low | 261 | 58.2 (15.8) | - | 24.8 (3.7) | - | Yes↑ | - | Yes↓ | - | No | - | Yes |
De Milliano 2019 Milliano et al. 2020) | 3.1 | Hormone therapy | Gynae | S | 9 | No | High | 54 | 39.8 (5.9) | - | 26.2 (5.5) | - | Yes↓ | - | No | - | No | - | No |
Bruintjes 2019 Bruintjes et al. 2019) | 3.5 | Neuromuscular blockade | Urology | NS | 2 | No | Fair | 96 | 56.2 (9.9) | - | 26.6 (2.9) | - | Yes↓ | - | No | - | No | - | No |
Habib 2019 Habib et al. 2019) | 3.7 | Antiemetics | Mixed | S | 23 | No | Low | 702 | 46.3 (10.9) | - | - | - | Yes↓ | - | - | - | No | - | - |
Karanicolas 2018 Karanicolas et al. 2018) | 4.2 | Wound infusion catheters | HPB | S | 2 | No | Low | 153 | 62.7 (12.6) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Springer 2018 Springer et al. 2018) | 4.3 | Post-op ileus | Colorectal | NS | 2 | No | Low | 118 | 65 (14) | - | 28.6 (6) | 94.9 | Yes↑ | - | Yes↑ | Yes↑ | Yes | - | No |
Kranke 2018 Kranke et al. 2018) | 4.3 | Antiemetics | Mixed | S | 29 | No | Low | 1147 | 48.5 (14) | - | 30.3 (8.6) | - | Yes↓ | - | Yes↑ | - | No | - | Yes |
Sang 2018 Sang et al. 2018) | 4.3 | Thrombo-prophylaxis | Gynae | S | 5 | No | High | 625 | 53.7 (10.3) | - | 24.9 (3.8) | - | Yes↑ | - | Yes↓ | - | No | - | No |
de Leede 2018 Leede et al. 2018) | 4.6 | Post-op ileus | Mixed | NS | 12 | No | Low | 1941 | 65.8 (12.9) | - | 25.6 (6.8) | 17.9 | Yes↑ | - | Yes↓ | Yes↓ | Yes | - | No |
Peters 2018 Peters et al. 2018) | 4.6 | Nutrition | Colorectal | NS | 6 | No | Low | 265 | 68.5 (8.9) | - | 26.2 (4.1) | 15.5 | Yes↑ | - | No | Yes↓ | Yes | - | No |
Boden 2018 Boden et al. 2018) | 4.7 | Pre-hab | Mixed | S | 3 | No | Low | 432 | 64.3 (14.7) | - | 28.4 (6) | 36.4 | Yes↑ | - | Yes↑ | Yes↑ | No | - | No |
Chanques 2017 Chanques et al. 2017) | 5.0 | Sedation | Mixed | S | 3 | No | Low | 137 | 67.8 (14.1) | - | 25.8 (4.8) | - | Yes↑ | - | Yes↓ | - | Yes | - | No |
Brunschot 2017 Özdemir-van Brunschot et al. 2018) | 5.3 | Neuromuscular blockade | Urology | S | 2 | No | Low | 34 | - | - | 25.5 (3.7) | - | - | - | Yes↓ | - | - | - | No |
Keeler 2017 Keeler et al. 2017) | 5.7 | Iron | Colorectal | NS | 7 | UK only | Fair | 116 | 73.9 (9.0) | 75.7 (12.2) | - | 37.1 | Yes↑ | No | - | No | Yes | No | - |
Burden 2017 Burden et al. 2017) | 5.7 | Nutrition | Colorectal | S | 6 | UK only | Low | 101 | 69.8 (11.6) | - | 25.7 (4.7) | 23.1 | Yes↑ | - | No | Yes↓ | Yes | - | No |
Loozen 2017 Loozen et al. 2017) | 5.8 | Antibiotics | HPB | NS | 6 | No | Low | 150 | 53.2 (10.4) | - | - | - | No | - | - | - | No | - | - |
Topsoee 2016 Topsoee et al. 2016) | 6.2 | TXA | Gynae | S | 4 | No | Low | 332 | 48.5 (8.6) | - | 25.4 (4.7) | 0.3 | No | - | Yes↓ | Yes↓ | No | - | No |
Piljic 2016 Piljic et al. 2016) | 6.3 | IV fluids | Vascular | S | 2 | No | High | 60 | 69 (8.0) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Jaber 2016 Jaber et al. 2016) | 6.5 | NIV | Mixed | S | 20 | No | Low | 293 | 63.4 (13.8) | - | 27.2 (10.1) | - | Yes↑ | - | No | - | No | - | No |
Atkinson 2016 Atkinson et al. 2016) | 6.6 | Post-op ileus | Colorectal | NS | 5 | UK only | Fair | 402 | 66.2 (12.9) | - | 27.5 (5.1) | 22.1 | Yes↑ | - | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | Yes | - | No |
Fushida 2015 Fushida et al. 2015) | 7.0 | Tiotropium | UGI | NS | 15 | No | High | 82 | - | - | 22.5 (2.6) | - | - | - | Yes↓ | - | - | - | Yes |
Hamza 2015 Hamza et al. 2015) | 7.7 | Nutrition | HPB | S | 3 | UK only | High | 37 | 65.2 (9.9) | - | 24.4 (5.6) | - | Yes↑ | - | Yes↓ | - | Yes | - | Yes |
van den Heijkant 2015 Heijkant et al. 2015) | 7.8 | Post-op ileus | Colorectal | S | 2 | No | High | 120 | 66.5 (10.1) | 78.5 (11.9) | 26.5 (4.5) | 10.8 | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | No | Yes↓ | Yes | No | No |
Pestana 2014 Pestana et al. 2014) | 8.1 | Goal-directed therapy | Mixed | NS | 6 | No | Low | 142 | 72.3 (11.6) | 72.9 (14.8) | 26.8 (4.4) | 51.4 | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | No | Yes↑ | Yes | No | No |
Regimbeau et al. (2014) Regimbeau et al. 2014 | 8.2 | Antibiotics | HPB | NS | 17 | No | High | 414 | 55.5 (12.4) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | No | - | - |
Kakkar 2014 Kakkar et al. 2014) | 8.3 | Thrombo-prophylaxis | Mixed | NS | 2 + | - | High | 4352 | 61.9 (11.9) | - | 25.6 (8.5) | - | Yes↑ | - | Yes↓ | - | No | - | No |
Vedovati 2014 Vedovati et al. 2014) | 8.5 | Thrombo-prophylaxis | Colorectal | S | 5 | No | Fair | 225 | 64.8 (9.0) | - | 25.3 (3.4) | - | Yes↑ | - | No | - | Yes | - | No |
Young 2013 Young et al. 2013) | 9.0 | Communication | Colorectal | NS | 23 | No | Fair | 756 | 67.8 (12.2) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Giger-Pabst 2013 Giger-Pabst et al. 2013) | 9.4 | Nutrition | Colorectal | NS | 6 | No | High | 108 | 64.1 (12.7) | 75.4 (10.2) | - | - | Yes↑ | No | - | - | Yes | No | - |
Muller 2012 Muller et al. 2012) | 10.0 | Post-op ileus | Colorectal | S | 3 | No | Fair | 79 | 60.5 (13.5) | - | - | 29.1 | Yes↑ | - | - | Yes↑ | No | - | - |
Stott 2012 Stott et al. 2012) | 10.1 | Laxatives | Colorectal | S | 2 | No | Fair | 45 | 65.6 (14.3) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Phoolcharoen 2012 Phoolcharoen et al. 2012) | 10.3 | Antibiotics | Gynae | NS | 2 | No | Low | 320 | 45.4 (7.0) | - | - | - | Yes↓ | - | - | - | No | - | - |
Barlow 2011 Barlow et al. 2011) | 11.6 | Nutrition | UGI | S | 3 | UK only | High | 121 | 64 (11.1) | 73 (13.3) | 25.4 (4) | 46.3 | No | No | Yes↓ | Yes↓ | No | No | No |
Wattchow 2009 Wattchow et al. 2009) | 12.9 | Post-op ileus | Colorectal | NS | 3 | No | Low | 210 | 62.1 (14) | 77 (18.7) | - | - | Yes↑ | No | - | - | Yes | No | - |
Meyhoff 2009 Meyhoff et al. 2009) | 13.0 | Oxygen therapy | Mixed | NS | 14 | No | Low | 1395 | 64 (20.4) | 71.5 (13.4) | 25 (4) | 19.1 | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | Yes↓ | Yes↓ | No | No | No |
Shimizu 2010 Shimizu et al. 2010) | 13.1 | Antibiotics | Colorectal | NS | 4 | No | High | 91 | 69.7 (8.5) | - | - | 8.8 | Yes↑ | - | - | Yes↓ | Yes | - | - |
Trivedi 2007 Trivedi et al. 2007) | 13.2 | Hormone therapy | Gynae | S | 5 | No | High | 98 | 30.9 (9.7) | 55.1 (10) | - | - | Yes↓ | Yes↓ | - | - | Yes | Yes | - |
Muller 2009 Muller et al. 2009) | 13.6 | Enhanced recovery | Colorectal | S | 4 | No | Fair | 151 | 60.6 (9.6) | - | 25.1 (2.8) | 27.8 | Yes↑ | - | No | Yes↓ | No | - | No |
Ludwig 2008 Ludwig et al. 2008) | 13.9 | Post-op ileus | Colorectal | S | 55 | No | Fair | 654 | 59.8 (14) | - | 28.4 (6.3) | - | Yes↑ | - | Yes↑ | - | No | - | No |
Godet 2008 Godet et al. 2008) | 14.4 | IV fluids | Vascular | NS | 7 | No | High | 60 | 73 (7.8) | 73.6 (8.6) | - | - | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | - | - | Yes | No | - |
Del Rio 2008 Rio et al. 2008) | 14.5 | Antibiotics | HPB | NS | 2 + | No | High | 209 | 53.6 (14.6) | - | - | - | No | - | - | - | No | - | - |
Lassen 2008 Lassen et al. 2008) | 14.7 | Nutrition | UGI | NS | 5 | No | High | 447 | 64 (13.9) | - | - | - | No↑ | - | - | - | No | - | - |
Contant 2007 Contant et al. 2007) | 14.8 | Bowel prep | Colorectal | NS | 13 | No | High | 1354 | 67 (12.5) | - | - | 12.2 | Yes↑ | - | - | Yes↓ | Yes | - | - |
Aqua 2007 Aqua et al. 2007) | 15.0 | Analgesia | Gynae | S | 21 | No | Low | 331 | 42.7 (9.3) | - | - | - | Yes↓ | - | - | - | No | - | - |
Skanberg 2007 Skanberg et al. 2007) | 15.5 | Blood transfusion | Colorectal | NS | 7 | No | High | 642 | 71.7 (9.5) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Han-Geurts 2007 Han-Geurts et al. 2007) | 15.6 | Post-op ileus | Colorectal | NS | 3 | No | High | 128 | 63.6 (14.9) | - | 27 (7.9) | - | Yes↑ | - | No | - | Yes | - | No |
Ellison 2007 Ellison et al. 2007) | 15.7 | Communication | Urology | NS | 3 | No | High | 270 | 54 (9.8) | - | - | - | Yes↓ | - | - | - | No | - | - |
Chermesh 2007 Chermesh et al. 2007) | 15.7 | Probiotics | Colorectal | NS | 4 | No | High | 30 | 35.6 (11.9) | 64.5 (14.3) | - | - | Yes↓ | Yes↓ | - | - | Yes | No | - |
Wichmann 2007 Wichmann et al. 2007) | 15.7 | Nutrition | Mixed | S | 4 | No | High | 256 | 59.3 (11.5) | 72.6 (13.4) | 25.2 (3.9) | - | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | Yes↓ | - | No | No | No |
Rasmussen 2006 Rasmussen et al. 2006) | 16.2 | Thrombo-prophylaxis | Mixed | S | 5 | No | High | 343 | 66.3 (11.4) | 71.5 (14) | - | - | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | - | - | Yes | No | - |
White 2006 White et al. 2006) | 16.7 | Antiemetics | Mixed | NS | 2 | No | High | 205 | 38.5 (13.5) | 102 (35) | 37.5 (10.5) | - | Yes↓ | Yes↓ | Yes↑ | - | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Valverde 2006 Valverde et al. 2006) | 16.7 | Bowel prep | Colorectal | NS | 20 | No | High | 467 | 66 (12.6) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Ming-Tsan 2005 Lin et al. 2005) | 17.1 | Nutrition | UGI | S | 2 | No | High | 48 | 67.1 (8.6) | 57.2 (9.6) | - | - | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | - | - | No | Yes | - |
Viscusi 2006 Viscusi et al. 2006) | 17.2 | Post-op ileus | Mixed | S | 37 | No | High | 444 | 56.5 (11.9) | - | 28.5 (6.7) | - | No↑ | - | Yes↑ | - | No | - | No |
Fa-Si-Oen 2005 Fa-Si-Oen et al. 2005) | 17.2 | Bowel prep | Colorectal | NS | 5 | No | High | 250 | 68.4 (10.0) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Bucher 2005 Bucher et al. 2005) | 17.9 | Bowel prep | Colorectal | S | 2 | No | Fair | 153 | 63 (9.9) | - | - | 11.8 | Yes↑ | - | - | Yes↓ | Yes | - | - |
Malan 2005 Malan et al. 2005) | 18.0 | Analgesia | Gynae | S | 2 + | - | High | 264 | 44.6 - | 81.2 (22.7) | - | - | - | Yes↓ | - | - | - | No | - |
Wolff 2004 Wolff et al. 2004) | 18.0 | Post-op ileus | Colorectal | S | 34 | No | High | 469 | 60.5 (11.4) | - | 28.2 (5) | - | Yes↑ | - | Yes↑ | - | No | - | No |
van Hilten 2004 Hilten et al. 2004) | 18.4 | Blood transfusion | Mixed | NS | 19 | No | Low | 1051 | 66.5 (11.3) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Nordin 2004 Nordin et al. 2004) | 18.6 | Anaesthetic technique | Colorectal | S | 3 | No | High | 138 | 56.6 (14.6) | - | 24.4 (2.8) | - | Yes↑ | - | Yes↓ | - | No | - | Yes |
Nordin 2003 Nordin et al. 2003) | 19.1 | Anaesthetic technique | Colorectal | S | 10 | No | Fair | 616 | 56 (13.7) | - | 25 (4) | - | Yes↑ | - | No | - | No | - | No |
Buppasiri 2004 Buppasiri et al. 2004) | 19.1 | Decontamination | Gynae | S | 3 | No | Low | 299 | 43.9 (7.4) | 59.3 (9.6) | 24.5 (3.6) | - | Yes↓ | Yes↓ | Yes↓ | - | No | Yes | Yes |
Chongsomchai 2002 Chongsomchai et al. 2002) | 20.0 | Antibiotics | Gynae | S | 2 | No | Low | 321 | 43.6 (6.3) | - | 23.9 (3.4) | - | Yes↓ | - | Yes↓ | - | No | - | Yes |
Rigg 2002 Rigg et al. 2002) | 20.6 | Epidural | Mixed | NS | 25 | No | Low | 915 | 69 (11.0) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Tonelli 2002 Tonelli et al. 2002) | 20.7 | Antibiotics | Mixed | NS | 2 + | No | High | 476 | 63.6 (13.0) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | No | - | - |
McLeod 2001 McLeod et al. 2001) | 22.1 | Thrombo-prophylaxis | Colorectal | NS | 10 | No | High | 1349 | 51 (17.5) | - | - | - | No | - | - | - | No | - | - |
Takala 2000 Takala et al. 2000) | 22.7 | CVS support | Mixed | NS | 13 | UK incl | High | 432 | 62.5 (13.4) | 70 (14) | - | - | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | - | - | No | No | - |
Zanella 2000 Zanella and Rulli 2000) | 22.8 | Antibiotics | Colorectal | NS | 14 | No | High | 615 | 65 (11.2) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Verspyck 2000 Verspyck et al. 2000) | 23.3 | Hormone therapy | Gynae | S | 10 | No | High | 56 | 41.4 (1.8) | - | 24.1 (0.9) | - | Yes↓ | - | Yes↓ | - | No | - | Yes |
Jian 1999 Jian et al. 1999) | 23.4 | Nutrition | Colorectal | S | 4 | No | High | 120 | 55 (12.6) | 59.7 (9.5) | - | - | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | - | - | No | Yes | - |
Valverde 1999 Valverde et al. 1999) | 23.7 | Bowel prep | Colorectal | S | 18 | No | High | 523 | 68 (12.5) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Cutillo 1999 Cutillo et al. 1999) | 23.8 | Nutrition | Gynae | S | 3 | No | High | 122 | 53.3 (14.1) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | No | - | - |
Vercellini 1998 Vercellini et al. 1998) | 24.2 | Hormone therapy | Gynae | S | 4 | No | Fair | 123 | 45.9 (3.5) | - | 23.2 (3.1) | - | Yes↓ | - | Yes↓ | - | No | - | Yes |
Milsom 1998 Milsom et al. 1998) | 24.7 | Antibiotics | Colorectal | NS | 61 | No | High | 317 | 59.5 (15.1) | 78 (17) | - | - | Yes↑ | No | - | - | No | No | - |
Heiss 1997 Heiss et al. 1997) | 25.2 | Blood transfusion | Colorectal | S | 3 | No | High | 70 | 58.8 (10.0) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | Yes↑ | No | - | - |
O'Hara 1997 O’Hara et al. 1997) | 25.4 | Analgesia | Gynae | S | 3 | No | High | 191 | 43.4 (10.7) | 76.6 (22.7) | - | - | Yes↓ | No | - | - | No | No | - |
Johnson 1997 Johnson et al. 1997) | 25.7 | Analgesia | Gynae | S | 3 | No | High | 190 | 41 (11.8) | 75.3 (18.4) | - | - | Yes↓ | No | - | - | No | No | - |
Vickers 1995 Vickers and Paravicini 1995) | 27.4 | Analgesia | Mixed | NS | 26 | UK incl | Fair | 523 | 52 (15) | 70.5 (12.5) | - | - | Yes↓ | Yes↓ | - | - | No | No | - |
Stankov 1995 Stankov et al. 1995) | 27.8 | Analgesia | UGI | S | 5 | No | Low | 100 | 48.8 (14.5) | 75.5 (13.7) | - | - | Yes↓ | No | - | - | Yes | No | - |
Taylor 1994 Taylor et al. 1994) | 27.9 | Antibiotics | Colorectal | S | 13 | No | High | 327 | 66.6 (12.9) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Stewart 1995 Stewart et al. 1995) | 28.7 | Antibiotics | Colorectal | S | 13 | UK incl | High | 326 | 66.6 (12.8) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Houbiers 1994 Houbiers et al. 1994) | 28.7 | Blood transfusion | Colorectal | NS | 16 | No | High | 697 | 68.5 (14.3) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Friess 1994 Fiess et al. 1994) | 28.8 | Octreotide | HPB | S | 18 | No | High | 246 | 51.2 (9.7) | - | - | - | No | - | - | - | No | - | - |
Gipponi 1993 Gipponi et al. 1993) | 29.8 | IVIG/sepsis | Colorectal | S | 3 | No | High | 159 | 65.5 (8.5) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |
Andaker 1992 Andaker et al. 1992) | 30.6 | Antibiotics | Colorectal | NS | 9 | No | High | 517 | 66.5 (14) | 68.5 (11.5) | - | - | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | - | - | Yes | No | - |
Arnaud 1992 Arnaud et al. 1992) | 30.7 | Antibiotics | Colorectal | NS | 19 | No | Fair | 208 | 66 (12.0) | 68 (13) | - | - | Yes↑ | Yes↓ | - | - | Yes | No | - |
Rotman 1991 Rotman et al. 1991) | 30.9 | Antibiotics | Mixed | NS | 24 | No | High | 1254 | 50.9 (18.7) | - | - | - | Yes↓ | - | - | - | No | - | - |
DiPiro 1989 DiPiro et al. 1989) | 33.8 | Antibiotics | Colorectal | NS | 3 | No | High | 195 | 53.9 (17.5) | - | - | - | No | - | - | - | No | - | - |
Rotman 1989 Rotman et al. 1989) | 34.4 | Antibiotics | Mixed | NS | 2 + | - | High | 3137 | 47.6 (17.8) | - | - | - | Yes↓ | - | - | - | No | - | - |
Walker 1988 Walker et al. 1988) | 34.9 | Antibiotics | Colorectal | NS | 7 | UK only | High | 213 | 63.5 (10.6) | - | - | - | Yes↑ | - | - | - | Yes | - | - |