Table 2 Severity and types of complications of patients who underwent craniotomy for primary malignant brain tumor

Landriel classification grading, n (%)

 No complications

54 (56.8)

 Grade 1 (non-life-threatening)

23 (24.2)

 Grade 2 (requires invasive treatment)

4 (4.2)

 Grade 3 (life-threatening, ICU management)

12 (12.6)

Grade 4 (death)

2 (2.1)

Complications, n (%)

Surgical

 Grade 1

  Transient new neurological deficit

4 (4.2)

  Acute urinary retention

2 (2.1)

  CSF infection requiring antibiotics

2 (2.1)

  Sinus thrombosis requiring anticoagulation

1 (1.1)

 Grade 2

  Postoperative infection with craniectomy

1 (1.1)

  Dura defect with duraplasty

1 (1.1)

 Grade 3

  ICH requiring reoperation

3 (3.1)

  Acute hydrocephalus requiring EVD

2 (2.1)

  Acute cerebral swelling requiring intubation

1 (1.1)

Medical

 Grade 1

  UTI with antibiotic treatment

6 (6.3)

  Pneumonia with antibiotic treatment

6 (6.3)

  Seizure with anticonvulsants

2 (2.1)

 Grade 2

  Thrombectomy of right femoral vein thrombosis

1 (1.1)

  Perianal ulceration with abscess formation

1 (1.1)

 Grade 3

  Lung failure requiring intubation

5 (5.2)

  ARDS

1 (1.1)

 Grade 4

  Expired

2 (2.1)