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Table 2 Univariable relationship between intraoperative hemodynamic variables and postoperative AKI

From: Association of intraoperative hypotension and postoperative acute kidney injury after adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma: a retrospective cohort analysis

Exposures

AKI (n = 48)

No AKI (n = 512)

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

P values*

Baseline

 Baseline SBP, mmHg

125 ± 15

122 ± 14

1.02 (1.00, 1.04)

0.11

 Baseline DBP, mmHg

78 ± 11

75 ± 11

1.03 (0.99, 1.06)

0.024

 Baseline MAP, mmHg

94 ± 11

90 ± 11

1.03 (0.99, 1.06)

0.035

Intraoperative hemodynamic variables

 Time-weighted average SBP

  SBPa, mmHg

121 ± 14

125 ± 12

1.38 (1.06, 1.81)

0.017

  % SBP change from baselineb, %

 − 3 ± 16

4 ± 15

1.36 (1.09, 1.68)

0.005

 Time-weighted average DBP

  DBPa, mmHg

69 ± 9

71 ± 8

1.21 (0.83, 1.76)

0.327

  % DBP change from baselineb, %

 − 10 ± 16

 − 4 ± 17

1.27 (1.04, 1.56)

0.019

 Time-weighted average MAP

  MAPa, mmHg

87 ± 10

89 ± 8

1.38 (0.95, 2.00)

0.087

  % MAP change from baselineb, %

 − 7 ± 15

 − 1 ± 15

1.37 (1.10, 1.72)

0.006

 AUC under MAPc, mmHg·min

  MAP < 85

584 [325, 1046]

291 [121, 497]

1.20 (1.13, 1.28)

 < 0.001

  MAP < 80

350 [177, 751]

115 [31, 267]

1.34 (1.22, 1.47)

 < 0.001

  MAP < 75

173 [91, 491]

29 [0, 115]

1.62 (1.40, 1.87)

 < 0.001

  MAP < 70

67 [17, 327]

0 [0, 32]

2.21 (1.74, 2.82)

 < 0.001

  MAP < 65

18 [0, 166]

0 [0, 0]

4.25 (2.68, 6.75)

 < 0.001

Before tumor resection

 Time-weighted average SBP

  SBPa, mmHg

138 ± 18

135 ± 17

0.89 (0.75, 1.05)

0.16

  % SBP change from baselineb, %

12 ± 19

12 ± 19

1.01 (0.86, 1.18)

0.95

 Time-weighted average DBP

  DBPa, mmHg

78 ± 11

76 ± 10

0.83 (0.63, 1.09)

0.17

  % DBP change from baselineb, %

1 ± 17

4 ± 19

1.07 (0.91, 1.26)

0.42

 Time-weighted average MAP

  MAPa, mmHg

98 ± 12

96 ± 12

0.83 (0.65, 1.05)

0.12

  % MAP change from baselineb, %

6 ± 16

7 ± 17

1.05 (0.88, 1.25)

0.59

 AUC under MAPc, mmHg·min

  MAP < 85

60 [4, 150]

42 [0, 156]

1.08 (0.97, 1.20)

0.17

  MAP < 80

13 [0, 94]

8 [0, 69]

1.16 (0.99, 1.34)

0.061

  MAP < 75

0 [0, 36]

0 [0, 19]

1.33 (1.05, 1.69)

0.017

  MAP < 70

0 [0, 9]

0 [0, 0]

1.62 (1.11, 2.37)

0.012

  MAP < 65

0 [0, 0]

0 [0, 0]

2.19 (1.17, 4.11)

0.015

After tumor resection

 Time-weighted average SBP

  SBPa, mmHg

103 ± 15

116 ± 11

3.30 (2.29, 4.77)

 < 0.001

  % SBP change from baselineb, %

 − 17 ± 15

 − 4 ± 15

2.22 (1.69, 2.92)

 < 0.001

 Time-weighted average DBP

  DBPa, mmHg

61 ± 9

66 ± 8

2.24 (1.49, 3.37)

 < 0.001

  % DBP change from baselineb, %

 − 21 ± 15

 − 11 ± 16

1.63 (1.29, 2.06)

 < 0.001

 Time-weighted average MAP

  MAPa, mmHg

75 ± 10

82 ± 8

3.50 (2.25, 5.46)

 < 0.001

  % MAP change from baseline MAPb, %

 − 20 ± 14

 − 8 ± 14

2.03 (1.56, 2.66)

 < 0.001

 AUC under MAPc, mmHg·min

  MAP < 85

512 [271, 746]

206 [64, 352]

1.45 (1.31, 1.62)

 < 0.001

  MAP < 80

304 [144, 519]

81 [10, 189]

1.65 (1.44, 1.90)

 < 0.001

  MAP < 75

154 [69, 358]

15 [0, 79]

2.09 (1.70, 2.57)

 < 0.001

  MAP < 70

51 [6, 235]

0 [0, 17]

3.10 (2.20, 4.38)

 < 0.001

  MAP < 65

9 [0, 117]

0 [0, 0]

8.20 (4.05, 16.59)

 < 0.001

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SD, median [25th, 75th percentiles]
  2. AKI, Acute kidney injury, SBP, Systolic arterial pressure, DBP, Diastolic arterial pressure, MAP, Mean arterial pressure, HR, Heart rate, AUC, Area under the curve
  3. *P values from univariable logistic regression
  4. aOdds ratio was estimated per 10 units decrease in SBP, DBP, MAP, and HR
  5. bOdds ratio was estimated per 10% decrease from baseline in SBP, DBP, MAP, and HR
  6. cOdds ratio was estimated per 10 unit decrease of MAP every 10 min. For example, OR = 1.45 for AUC under MAP < 85 mmHg after tumor resection, that is, the odds for developing postoperative AKI would increase by 45% for each 10 mmHg decrease in MAP every 10 min
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Perioperative Medicine

ISSN: 2047-0525