Table 1 Patient’s characteristic
Variable | Total (n = 890) | Non-PHLF (n = 859) | PHLF (n = 31) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year), mean + SD | 56.19 + 13.88 | 56.19 + 13.99 | 56.19 + 10.55 | 0.998 |
Gender, n (%) | ||||
 Male | 435(48.88) | 414(48.20) | 21(67.74) | 0.032 |
 Female | 455(51.12) | 445(51.80) | 10(32.26) |  |
Comorbidity, n (%) | ||||
 DM | 192(21.57) | 186(21.65) | 6(19.35) | 0.760 |
 HT | 374(42.02) | 366(42.61) | 8(25.81) | 0.063 |
 DLP | 202(22.70) | 200(23.28) | 2(6.45) | 0.028 |
 HBV | 209(23.48) | 201(23.40) | 8(25.81) | 0.756 |
 HCV | 74(8.31) | 72(8.38) | 2(6.45) | 0.702 |
Smoking, n (%) n = 881 | ||||
 No | 599(67.99) | 586(68.78) | 13(44.83) | 0.007 |
 Yes | 282(32.01) | 266(31.22) | 16(55.17) |  |
Platelet count × 103, mean + SD, n = 830 | 235 + 88 | 234 + 89 | 240 + 87 | 0.712 |
Creatinine (mg/dL), median (IQR) n = 796 | 0.83(0.67, 1.01) | 0.83(0.68, 1.00) | 0.84(0.74, 1.02) | 0.834 |
ALBI score, n(%) n = 819 | ||||
 ALBI grade I (≤− 2.60) | 11(1.34) | 10(1.27) | 1(3.23) | 0.006 |
 ALBI grade II (>− 2.60 to ≤− 1.39) | 578(70.57) | 564(71.57) | 14(45.16) |  |
 ALBI grade 3 (>− 1.39) | 230(28.08) | 214(27.16) | 16(51.61) |  |
Preoperative liver function data | ||||
 TB (mg/dL), mean ± SD, n = 826 | 0.99 + 1.86 | 0.99 + 1.89 | 1.06 + 0.93 | 0.698 |
 ALT(U/L), mean ± SD n = 808 | 46 + 37 | 45 + 37 | 66 + 42 | 0.002 |
 AST(U/L), mean ± SD, n = 828 | 42 + 35 | 41 + 34 | 71 + 46 | 0.001 |
 ALP(U/L), mean ± SD n = 826 | 117 + 88 | 112 + 74 | 248 + 223 | 0.002 |
 Alb(g/L), mean ± SD, n = 867 | 37.06 + 5.05 | 37.13 + 5.06 | 35.34 + 4.64 | 0.053 |
 INR, mean ± SD, n = 798 | 1.04 + 0.11 | 1.03 + 0.11 | 1.09 + 0.15 | 0.059 |
Preoperative neoadjuvant, n (%) | ||||
 No | 748(84.04) | 724(84.28) | 24(77.42) | 0.305 |
 Yes | 142(15.96) | 135(15.72) | 7(22.58) |  |
Diagnosis, n (%) | ||||
 Hepatocellular carcinoma | 148(16.63) | 143(16.65) | 5(16.13) | 0.000 |
 Cholangiocarcinoma | 60(6.74) | 50(5.82) | 10(32.26) |  |
 Colorectal liver metastases | 209(23.48) | 203(23.63) | 6(19.35) |  |
 Other malignancy | 80(8.99) | 79(9.20) | 1(3.23) |  |
 Donor hepatectomy | 91(10.22) | 90(10.48) | 1(3.23) |  |
 Benign tumor | 302(33.93) | 294(34.23) | 8(25.81) |  |
ICG R15 (%), mean ± SD n = 537 | 14.19 + 10.18 | 13.98 + 9.95 | 18.55 + 13.38 | 0.025 |
Type operation, n (%) | ||||
 Lobectomy | 240(26.97) | 215(25.03) | 25(80.65) | 0.000 |
 Sectionectomy | 100(11.24) | 98(11.41) | 2(6.45) |  |
 Segmentectomy | 75(8.43) | 75(8.73) | 0 |  |
 Limited resection | 475(53.37) | 471(54.83) | 4(12.90) |  |
Type operation, n (%) | ||||
 Minor | 650(73.03) | 644(74.97) | 6(19.35) | 0.000 |
 Major | 240(26.97) | 215(25.03) | 25(80.65) |  |
Operative time (h), mean ± SD n = 877 | 5.95 + 2.36 | 5.83 + 2.23 | 9.29 + 3.24 | 0.000 |
Blood loss (ml), median (IQR) n = 877 | 600(300, 1000) | 600(300, 1000) | 1600(1000, 3000) | 0.000 |
Clamp time (min), mean ± SD n = 620 | 58.46 + 32.73 | 57.76 + 32.66 | 72.48 + 32.29 | 0.013 |
PHLF grading, n(%) n = 31 | ||||
 Non-PHLF | – | 859(100) | – | – |
 Grade A | – | – | 17(54.8) | – |
 Grade B | – | – | 9(29.03) |  |
 Grade C | – | – | 5(16.13) |  |
Recurrence, n (%) | ||||
 No | 681(76.52) | 663(77.18) | 18(58.06) | 0.014 |
 Yes | 209(23.48) | 196(22.82) | 13(41.94) |  |
Death within 90 days, n (%) | ||||
 No | 884(99.33) | 854(99.42) | 30(96.77) | 0.192 |
 Yes | 6(0.67) | 5(0.58) | 1(3.23) |  |