The impact of spinal anaesthesia on perioperative opioid consumption, postoperative pain and oncological outcome in radical retropubic prostatectomy—a retrospective before-and-after effectiveness study

Table 3 Primary and secondary study endpoints

	SPA (n = 318)	GA (n = 318)	P-value
Morphine equivalents in PACU [mg]	7.5 (6.9–8.1)	6.0 (5.5–6.5)	< 0.001*
Consumption of sufentanil [μg] during surgery	56.9 (55.1–58.7)	84.5 (82.5 -86.5)	< 0.001^†
Maximum NRS in PACU	3.5 (3.2–3.7)	3.2 (3.0–3.5)	0.201^‡
Postoperative recovery time [min]	166 (161–172)	163 (158–169)	0.467^§
Occurrence of PONV	28 (12.6)	37 (17.5)	0.158
Occurrence of shivering	17 (8.4)	12 (7.2)	0.662

Values are mean (95% CI) for continuous data and n (%) for categorical data. P-values from group comparison by two-sided t-test for continuous data or χ²-test for categorical data. P-values from nonparametric testing (Mann–Whitney U test) in comparison: *P < 0.001, ^†P < 0.001; ^‡P = 0.126; ^§P = 0.745
SPA group Spinal anaesthesia preceding general anaesthesia, GA group General anaesthesia alone, PACU Post-anaesthesia care unit, NRS Numeric Rating Scale, PONV Postoperative nausea and vomiting

ISSN: 2047-0525