Table 2 Univariate logistic regression analysis. OR, odds ratio. 95% CI, 95% confidence interval
Variable | Morbidity n = 540 | No morbidity n = 858 | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Median (range) | Median (range) | Â | Â |
Age (years) | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 68.36 (9.63) | 66.79 (12.38) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.013 |
 Median (IQR) | 68 (65–78) | 68 (65–78) |  |  |
BMI | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 27.79 (8.02) | 28.10 (3.97) |  |  |
 Median (IQR) | 29 (18–35) | 28 (26–32) | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) | 0.347 |
AT | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 9.62 (2.00) | 11.53 (1.64) |  |  |
 Median (IQR) | 9.6 (7.8–11.8) | 11.1 (10.4–12.6) | 0.54 (0.50–0.59) | < 0.001 |
VO2 max | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 13.20 (4.35) | 19.57 (5.11) |  |  |
 Median (IQR) | 12.9 (9.9–14.6) | 18.9 (15.8–23.4) | 0.71 (0.69–0.74) | < 0.001 |
AT VE/VCO2 | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 38.19 (3.70) | 34.09 (4.03) |  |  |
 Median (IQR) | 36 (32–38) | 35 (30–37) | 1.32 (1.28–1.37) | < 0.001 |
Oxygen pulse | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 9.46 (2.80) | 9.75 (3.11) |  |  |
 Median (IQR) | 8.9 (6.7–13.2) | 10.2 (6.6–13.2) | 0.97 (0.93–1.00) | 0.080 |
Possum score | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 33.32 (6.10) | 34.41 (9.97) |  |  |
 Median (IQR) | 34 (32–34) | 34 (28–35) | 0.99 (0.97–1.00) | 0.023 |
| Â | n(%) | n(%) | Â | Â |
Age group | ||||
 ≤ 50 years | 46 (28) | 118 (72) | 1 | 0.014 |
 51–70 years | 289 (40) | 433 (60) | 1.71 (1.18–2.48) | 0.005 |
 > 70 years | 205 (40) | 307 (60) | 1.71 (1.17–2.51) | 0.006 |
Gender | ||||
 Female | 267 (38) | 427 (62) | 1 | 0.907 |
 Male | 273 (39) | 431 (61) | 1.01 (0.82–1.26) |  |
BMI standard categories | ||||
 < 18.5 | 171 (84) | 32 (16) | 29.00 (16.91–49.59) | < 0.001 |
 18.5–24.99 | 31 (16) | 168 (84) | 1 | < 0.001 |
 ≥ 25.0 | 338 (34) | 658 (66) | 2.78 (1.86–4.17) | < 0.001 |
Surgery type | ||||
 Robotic/laparoscopic | 28 (8) | 328 (92) | 1 | < 0.001 |
 Open | 512 (49) | 530 (51) | 11.32 (7.55–16.96) |  |
ASA score | ||||
 ASA 1 | 9 (41) | 13 (59) | 1 | < 0.001 |
 ASA 2 | 475 (44) | 601 (56) | 1.14 (0.48–2.69) | 0.762 |
 ASA 3 and 4 | 56 (19) | 244 (81) | 0.33 (0.14–0.81) | 0.016 |
WHO category | ||||
 0 | 210 (29) | 525 (71) | 1 | < 0.001 |
 ≥ 1 | 330 (50) | 333 (50) | 2.48 (1.99–3.09) |  |
Arrhythmia | ||||
 No | 439 (35) | 807 (65) | 1 |  |
 Yes | 101 (66) | 51 (34) | 3.64 (2.55–5.20) | < 0.001 |
Documented cirrhosis | ||||
 No | 496 (38) | 811 (62) | 1 |  |
 Yes | 44 (48) | 47 (52) | 1.53 (1.00–2.34) | 0.050 |
Congestive cardiac failure | ||||
 No | 506 (37) | 852 (63) | 1 | < 0.001 |
 Yes | 34 (85) | 6 (15) | 9.54 (3.98–22.88) |  |
Diabetic status | ||||
 Negative | 400 (39) | 634 (61) | 1 | 0.300 |
 Non-insulin | 123 (40) | 183 (60) | 1.07 (0.82–1.38) | 0.634 |
 Insulin dependent | 17 (29) | 41 (71) | 0.66 (0.37–1.17) | 0.155 |
COPD | ||||
 No | 247 (29) | 619 (71) | 1 | < 0.001 |
 Yes | 293 (55) | 243 (45) | 3.02 (2.40–3.76) |  |
Previous cardiac event | ||||
 No | 302 (31) | 673 (69) | 1 | < 0.001 |
 Yes | 238 (56) | 185 (44) | 2.87 (2.27–3.63) |  |
Prior TIA/stroke | ||||
 No | 446 (35) | 823 (65) | 1 | < 0.001 |
 Yes | 94 (73) | 35 (27) | 4.96 (3.31–7.43) |  |
Chronic renal impairment | ||||
 No | 323 (28) | 824 (72) | 1 | < 0.001 |
 Yes | 217 (86) | 34 (14) | 16.28 (11.09–23.90) |  |
Number of procedures | ||||
 1 | 252 (32) | 530 (68) | 1 | < 0.001 |
 ≥ 2 | 288 (47) | 328 (53) | 1.85 (1.48–2.30) |  |
Cancer stage | ||||
 Primary | 474 (38) | 760 (62) | 1 | < 0.001 |
 Local nodal metastases | 45 (32) | 95 (68) | 0.76 (0.52–1.10) | 0.148 |
 Distant metastases | 20 (87) | 3 (13) | 10.69 (3.16–36.17) | < 0.001 |
Surgical categories | ||||
 Hepatobiliary | 85 (37) | 143 (63) |  |  |
 Urology | 141 (41) | 199 (59) |  |  |
 General surgery | 129 (39) | 201 (61) |  |  |
 Colorectal/lower GI | 30 (25) | 88 (75) |  |  |
 Upper GI | 99 (42) | 135 (58) |  |  |
 Gynaecological | 52 (38) | 86 (62) |  |  |
 Sarcoma | 3 (33) | 6 (67) |  |  |