In-hospital mortality of patients requiring unplanned postoperative ventilatory support: a multicenter observational study

Table 1 Patient characteristics

	Extubated (N = 429)	Not extubated (N = 269)	p-value
Age, years	66 (17)	68 (17)	0.226
BMI, kg·m⁻²	27.3 (6.7)	27.3 (6.8)	0.937
Female sex	236 (55%)	117 (43%)	0.003
ASA physical status			< 0.001
I	17 (4%)	12 (4%)
II	142 (33%)	34 (13%)
III	180 (42%)	90 (33%)
IV	87 (20%)	118 (44%)
V	2 (0.5%)	15 (6%)
Active smoking	99 (23%)	68 (25%)	0.518
Active infection	47 (11%)	78 (29%)	< 0.001
Urgent/emergent surgery	200 (47%)	201 (75%)	< 0.001
Weekend and/or holiday	48 (11%)	55 (20%)	0.001
Evening and/or night hours	242 (56%)	173 (64%)	0.042
Surgical department			< 0.001
General surgery	169(39%)	112 (42%)
Orthopedic surgery	59 (14%)	25 (9%)
NORA	46 (11%)	26 (10%)
Gynecologic surgery	40 (9%)	2 (1%)
ENT	34 (8%)	16 (6%)
Neurosurgery	23 (5%)	32 (12%)
Urology	22 (5%)	13 (5%)
Vascular surgery	12 (3%)	20 (7%)
Thoracic surgery	11 (3%)	12 (4%)
Other^a	8 (2%)	8 (3%)
Surgical approach — laparotomy/thoracotomy, n (%)	129 (30%)	106 (39%)	0.011
Anesthesia duration, minutes	246 [133, 330]	206.3 [116, 251]	< 0.001
Hemodynamic compromise^b	234 (54%)	159 (59%)	0.237
Respiratory compromise^c	61 (14%)	66 (24%)	0.001
Intraoperative blood products administration	77 (18%)	71 (26%)	0.016
Intraoperative vasopressor administration	20 (5%)	36 (13%)	< 0.001
Hypothermia on PACU admission^d	60 (14%)	35 (13%)	0.715
Intraoperative crystalloids, L	2.1 [1.1, 3.1]	2.2 [1.1, 3.6]	0.032

Demographic, medical, anesthetic, and surgical characteristics of patients who were mechanically ventilated in PACU (N = 698) and were either extubated in PACU or discharged from PACU still intubated (not extubated). Data presented as mean (standard deviation), n (%), or median [interquartile range], as appropriate. All variables that were significantly different between the groups are marked in bold and were entered into the statistical model and adjusted for in the multivariate analysis.
^aall departments with frequency < 3%, combined
^bhemodynamic compromise defined as either systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg or mean arterial pressure < 65 mmHg that initiated a pharmacologic intervention or transfusion
^crespiratory compromise defined as an intraoperative respiratory event that required pharmacologic intervention, recruitment maneuver, or increase in the fraction of inspired oxygen to 0.8 or greater for at least 2 min
^dhypothermia defined as core temperature < 35° centigrade
ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, BMI body mass index, ENT ears, nose, and throat, NORA nonoperating room anesthesia, PACU postanesthesia care unit

ISSN: 2047-0525