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Table 4 Univariable analysis of predictors of prolonged ICU LOS

From: Maxillofacial free flap surgery outcomes in critical care: a single-center investigation looking for clues to improvement

Variables

Univariable OR (95% CI)

Univariable p-value

Age (years)

1.01 (0.98ā€“1.03)

0.501

Sex

1.77 (0.84ā€“3.78)

0.137

BMI (kg māˆ’2)

1.02 (0.94ā€“1.11)

0.665

ā€ƒ<ā€‰18.5ā€‰kg māˆ’2

0.69 (0.14ā€“2.78)

0.618

Smoking history

1.37 (0.63ā€“3.03)

0.427

Alcohol

1.63 (0.78ā€“3.46)

0.196

Total reversible CV risk factors

1.10 (0.76ā€“1.59)

0.619

CV disease

1.32 (0.57ā€“3.06)

0.509

COPD

3.41 (1.22ā€“0.50)

0.024

Chronic renal failure

0.38 (0.05ā€“1.64)

0.237

Liver disease

1.96 (0.41ā€“0.32)

0.395

Stroke

1.43 (0.17ā€“2.22)

0.728

Charlson Comorbidity Index

1.08 (0.91ā€“1.30)

0.387

ASA classification

Ā 

ā€ƒII

2.11 (0.63ā€“8.39)

0.248

ā€ƒIII

2.73 (0.69ā€“2.38)

0.166

Surgical indication

Ā 

ā€ƒPrimary tumoral resection

0.35 (0.07ā€“1.40)

0.151

ā€ƒDelayed reconstruction

0.25 (0.04ā€“1.36)

0.121

ā€ƒOsteoradionecrosis

0.35 (0.07ā€“1.40)

0.151

ā€ƒTrauma

0.25 (0.01ā€“3.67)

0.327

ā€ƒOthers

0.25 (0.01ā€“3.67)

0.327

Cancer context

0.60 (0.21ā€“1.69)

0.330

Past head and neck radiotherapy

1.15 (0.47ā€“2.73)

0.758

Past head and neck FF failure

3.00 (0.36ā€“1.12)

0.318

Preoperative hemoglobin level (g/dL)

0.87 (0.67ā€“1.09)

0.270

Fibula flap

1.72 (0.82ā€“3.66)

0.152

Ischemia time (min)

1.00 (0.99ā€“1.02)

0.704

Operative time (h)

1.37 (1.10ā€“1.73)

0.006*

Intraoperative IV fluids (mL kgāˆ’1 hāˆ’1)

0.98 (0.87ā€“1.10)

0.706

Intraoperative blood transfusion

2.26 (1.04ā€“5.11)

0.044

Any complication

4.89 (1.94ā€“4.19)

0.001*

Major complication

3.46 (1.57ā€“7.84)

0.002*

Infectious complication

4.11 (1.90ā€“9.16)

<ā€‰0.001*

Total pneumopathies

3.78 (1.74ā€“9.18)

0.002*

  1. Categorical variables are presented as n (%) and continuous variables as mean Ā± SD. Bold values are significant. p-values marked with [*] remain significant after a Benjamini-Hochberg procedure with a false discovery rate of 5%
  2. BMI body mass index, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CV cardiovascular, FF free flap, ICU intensive care unit, IV intravenous, LOS length of stay
  3. Delayed reconstructions are flap surgeries that take place time after an initial resection
  4. Reversible cardiovascular risk factors include obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and active smoking