Skip to main content

Table 2 Intra-operative complications according to ClassIntra grade ≥2 and other intra-operative variables

From: Deep neuromuscular block reduces the incidence of intra-operative complications during laparoscopic donor nephrectomy: a pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials

 

A

B

C

D

Intra-abdominal pressureg

Standard

Standard

Low

Low

Neuromuscular blockadeh

Moderate

Deep

Moderate

Deep

 

(n = 401)

(n = 78)

(n = 29)

(n = 48)

Intra-operative complications (ClassIntra grade ≥ 2)

 Total number

32 (8.0%)a,d,e

2 (2.6%)a,c,f

11 (37.9%)b,c,e

8 (16.7%)b,d,f

  Grade 2

30 (7.5%)

2 (2.6%)

10 (34.5%)

8 (16.7%)

  Grade 3

2 (0.5%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

  Grade 4

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (3.4%)

0 (0.0%)

Type of complication

 Bleeding

13 (40.6%)

2 (100%)

10 (90.9%)

7 (87.5%)

 Organ laceration

16 (50.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (9.1%)

1 (12.5%)

 Bleeding and organ laceration

2 (6.3%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

 Otheri

1 (3.1%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

Operation time (min)

210.5 (± 73.7)

130.4 (±41.8)

155.2 (±39.9)

119.7 (±33.2)

Estimated blood loss (ml)

62.3 (±69.6)

45.8 (±58.7)

245.7 (±499.8)

76.1 (±128.5)

Conversion to open procedure

2 (3.4%)

1 (1.3%)

4 (13.8%)

3 (6.3%)

  1. Chi-square testing: aA vs B, p = 0.088; bC vs D, p = 0.109; cB vs C, p < 0.001; dA vs D, p = 0.076; eA vs C, p < 0.001; fB vs D, p = 0.009
  2. gStandard pressure 12–14 mmHg; low pressure 6–7 mmHg
  3. hModerate blockade: single dose rocuronium or TOF count 1–2; deep blockade: PTC 1–2 or PTC 1–5
  4. iRe-laparoscopic procedure for lost gauze (1×)