A | B | C | D | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Intra-abdominal pressureg | Standard | Standard | Low | Low |
Neuromuscular blockadeh | Moderate | Deep | Moderate | Deep |
(n = 401) | (n = 78) | (n = 29) | (n = 48) | |
Intra-operative complications (ClassIntra grade ≥ 2) | ||||
Total number | 32 (8.0%)a,d,e | 2 (2.6%)a,c,f | 11 (37.9%)b,c,e | 8 (16.7%)b,d,f |
Grade 2 | 30 (7.5%) | 2 (2.6%) | 10 (34.5%) | 8 (16.7%) |
Grade 3 | 2 (0.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Grade 4 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (3.4%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Type of complication | ||||
Bleeding | 13 (40.6%) | 2 (100%) | 10 (90.9%) | 7 (87.5%) |
Organ laceration | 16 (50.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (9.1%) | 1 (12.5%) |
Bleeding and organ laceration | 2 (6.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Otheri | 1 (3.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Operation time (min) | 210.5 (± 73.7) | 130.4 (±41.8) | 155.2 (±39.9) | 119.7 (±33.2) |
Estimated blood loss (ml) | 62.3 (±69.6) | 45.8 (±58.7) | 245.7 (±499.8) | 76.1 (±128.5) |
Conversion to open procedure | 2 (3.4%) | 1 (1.3%) | 4 (13.8%) | 3 (6.3%) |