Table 1 Patient demographic data
Demographic data | PPCs (n = 85) | No PPCs (n = 1015) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 75.0 ± 7.7 | 73.5 ± 6.5 | 0.052 |
Male sex | 46 (54.1%) | 488 (48.1%) | 0.285 |
ASA classification > 2 | 50 (58.8%) | 452 (44.5%) | 0.011 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.7 ± 4.2 | 24.1 ± 4.2 | 0.389 |
Previous pulmonary disease | 4 (4.7%) | 31 (3.1%) | 0.340 |
Respiratory infection in preceding month | 0 | 7 (0.7%) | 1.000 |
History of smoking | 27 (31.8%) | 229 (22.6%) | 0.054 |
Current smoker | 7 (8.2%) | 38 (3.7%) | 0.077 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 3 (3.5%) | 22 (2.2%) | 0.434 |
Asthma | 2 (2.4%) | 23 (2.3%) | 1.000 |
Obstructive sleep apnea | 2 (2.4%) | 14 (1.4%) | 0.354 |
Congestive heart failure | 1 (1.2%) | 2 (0.2%) | 0.215 |
Preoperative SpO2 (%) | 97.8 ± 1.5 | 98.3 ± 1.7 | 0.012 |
Preoperative albumin (g/dL) | 3.4 ± 1.0 | 3.80 ± 1.2 | 0.002 |
Preoperative Hb (g/dL) | 11.0 ± 2.3 | 11.9 ± 2.0 | < 0.001 |
Preoperative HCO3 | 25.0 ± 3.5 | 25.8 ± 2.8 | 0.053 |
Preoperative creatinine | 1.3 ± 1.5 | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 0.224 |
Abnormal CXR | 24 (28.2%) | 252 (24.8%) | 0.486 |
Spirometer usage | 5 (5.9%) | 51 (5.0%) | 0.598 |
Deep-breathing exercises | 2 (2.4%) | 23 (2.3%) | 0.707 |