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Table 2 Clinical coding of postoperative complications. Values are number (proportion) or mean (SD)

From: Effects of preoperative physiotherapy on signs and symptoms of pulmonary collapse and infection after major abdominal surgery: secondary analysis of the LIPPSMAck-POP multicentre randomised controlled trial

 

Control

n = 214

Intervention

n = 218

Adjusted RR or mean difference

(95% CI)

p value

Clinical coding (ICD-10) event rates of intraoperative and non-respiratory postoperative complications

 Intraoperative complications

  Laceration

12 (5.6%)

22 (10%)

1.71 (0.84 to 3.50)

0.14

  Haemorrhage

13 (6.1%)

16 (7.3%)

1.26 (0.61 to 2.62)

0.53

 Postoperative complications—surgical

  Wound infection

25 (12%)

22 (10%)

0.90 (0.52 to 1.55)

0.70

  Wound dehiscence

7 (3.3%)

6 (2.8%)

0.92 (0.29 to 2.89)

0.89

  Anastomosis leak

1 (0.5%)

3 (1.4%)

3.16 (0.26 to 37.5)

0.36

 Postoperative complications—general

  Paralytic ileus

42 (20%)

36 (17%)

0.87 (0.58 to 1.31)

0.50

  Hypovolemia

26 (12%)

26 (12%)

1.04 (0.62 to 1.75)

0.87

  Delirium/altered conscious state

25 (12%)

21 (9.6%)

1.01 (0.60 to 1.71)

0.97

  Other infections

24 (11%)

18 (8.5%)

0.84 (0.47 to 1.51)

0.56

  Urinary tract infection

18 (8.4%)

12 (5.5%)

0.85 (0.44 to 1.64)

0.63

  Sepsis

13 (6.1%)

7 (3.2%)

0.63 (0.26 to 1.57)

0.33

  Acute kidney injury

10 (4.7%)

8 (3.7%)

0.85 (0.33 to 2.20)

0.74

  Pressure ulcer

12 (5.6%)

3 (1.4%)

0.31 (0.09 to 1.09)

0.07

  Cardiac

7 (3.3%)

10 (4.6%)

1.72 (0.65 to 4.58)

0.28

  Hypervolemia

4 (1.9%)

7 (3.2%)

1.96 (0.57 to 6.71)

0.28

  Deep vein thrombosis

2 (0.9%)

3 (1.4%)

1.69 (0.30 to 9.60)

0.56

Clinical coding (ICD-10) event rates of respiratory postoperative complications

 Coding of respiratory complications hypothesised to be preventable with breathing exercises

  Nonspecific pulmonary problema

26 (12%)

11 (5.0%)

0.48 (0.24 to 0.95)

0.03

  Pulmonary collapse

21 (9.8%)

16 (7.3%)

0.83 (0.45 to 1.54)

0.56

  Pneumonia

19 (8.9%)

15 (6.9%)

0.94 (0.49 to 1.79)

0.84

  Acute respiratory failure

11 (5.1%)

5 (2.3%)

0.54 (0.19 to 1.49)

0.23

Mean number of codes per participant

0.36 (0.48)

0.22 (0.41)

0.71 (0.41 to 1.22)

0.22

 Coding of respiratory complications unlikely to be preventable with breathing exercises

  Pleural effusion

12 (5.6%)

8 (3.7%)

0.75 (0.31 to 1.76)

0.50

  Pneumothorax

8 (3.7%)

12 (5.5%)

1.42 (0.59 to 3.43)

0.43

  Nonspecific pulmonary problemb

6 (2.8%)

11 (5.0%)

1.74 (0.64 to 4.70)

0.28

  Pulmonary emboli

2 (0.9%)

4 (1.4%)

2.57 (0.47 to 14.2)

0.28

Mean number of codes per participant

0.13 (0.34)

0.16 (0.37)

1.30 (0.71 to 2.36)

0.40

  1. Abbreviations: RR relative risk, CI confidence interval, ICD-10 International Classification of Diseases Version 10
  2. Data compared using relative risk or mean difference with 95% CI adjusted for age, respiratory comorbidity, and surgical category
  3. anon-specific coding of a pulmonary problem/symptom in conjunction with coding specific to pulmonary collapse or infection (see Additional file 1, Table 2S)
  4. bNon-specific coding of a pulmonary problem/symptom in absence of coding specific to pulmonary collapse or infection (see Additional file 1, Table 2S)