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Table 3 Classification of crystalloid solutions (glucose solutions and diluted NS with glucose are not listed)

From: Clinical physiology aspects of chloremia in fluid therapy: a systematic review

 

Unbalanced solutions

Balanced solutions

Parameter

Plasma

NS

Ringer

H

RF

PL

Isolyte

Benelyte

Na+ [mmol/l]

140

154

147

130

140

140

137

140

K+ [mmol/l]

4

 

4

5

4

5

4

4

Cl [mmol/l]

104

154

156

125

127

98

110

118

Ca2+ [mmol/l]

2.2

 

2.025

1

2.5

  

1

Mg2+ [mmol/l]

1

 

1

1

1

1.5

1.5

1

Bicarbonate [mmol/l]

24

       

Lactate [mmol/l]

1

  

27

    

Acetate [mmol/l]

    

24

27

34

30

Malate [mmol/l]

    

5

   

Gluconate [mmol/l]

     

23

  

Glucose [mmol/l]

4.5

      

55.5

Osmotic concentration [mosmol/l]

285

308

309

276

304

296

286

351

BE

0

− 24

− 24

3

5

26

8

pH

7.4

5.3

6.0

6.0

5.5

7.4

7.4

5.5

Na:Cl

1.33:1

1:1

1.06:1

1.18:1

1.1:1

1.43:1

1.24:1

1.19:1

  1. NS 0.9% (NaCl) normal saline, H Hartman’s solution, RF Ringerfundin, PL Plasmalyte, Na sodium, K potassium, Cl chloride, Ca calcium, Mg magnesium, BE base excess, mmol/L millimole per liter, mosmol/L milliosmole per liter. Values given for plasma are means