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Table 2 Summary characteristics of included studies.

From: Goal-directed haemodynamic therapy (GDHT) in surgical patients: systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of GDHT on post-operative pulmonary complications

Author/year

No. of patients

Single/multicenter

Type of surgery

Timing

Fluids/fluids & inotropes (I) or vasopressors (V)

Goals

Ackland, 2015

204

Multi

Elective

Post-operative

Fluids & I/V

SV, CO, DO2I

Bahlmann, 2019

59

Multi

Elective

Intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

SV, CI, MAP

Bartha, 2013

149

Single

Emergency

Pre/intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SV, DO2I

Bender 1997

104

Single

Elective

Pre/intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVR, CI, PAOP

Benes, 2010

120

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVV, CI

Bisgaard, 2013a, b

70

Single

Elective

Intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVI, DO2I

Bisgaard, 2013a, b

40

Single

Elective

Intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVI, DO2I

Boyd, 1993

107

Single

Mixed

Pre/intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

DO2I

Brandstrup, 2012

151

Multi

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SV

Calvo-Vecino, 2018

450

Multi

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SV, CI

Cecconi, 2011

40

Single

Elective

Intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

SV, DO2I

Colantonio, 2015

86

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVI, CI

Correa-Gallego, 2015

135

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SVV

Davies, 2019

241

Multi

Emergency

Intra-operative

Fluids

SV

Donati, 2007

135

Multi

Elective

Intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

O2ER

El-Sharkawy, 2013

59

Single

Elective

Intra/post-operative

Fluids

SV, FTc

Funk, 2015

40

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVV, CI

Gan, 2002

100

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SV, FTc

Gerent, 2018

128

Single

Elective

Post-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVI, CI

Goepfert, 2013

100

Single

Elective

Intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

GEDI, SVV, CI

Gómez-Izquierdo, 2017

135

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SV

Han, 2016

40

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SVV

Jammer, 2010

241

Multi

Elective

Intra/post-operative

Fluids

ScVO2

Jammer, 2015

30

Multi

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVV

Joosten, 2019

39

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

CI, SVV

Kaufmann, 2017

100

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SV, CI

Kaufmann, 2018

90

Single

Mixed

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SV, CI

Kim, 2018

62

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVV, CI

Kumar, 2016

60

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVV, SVR

Lobo, 2000

37

Single

Elective

Intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

DO2, PAOP

Luo, 2017

150

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVV, CI

Mayer, 2010

60

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

CI, SVI

McKendry, 2004

179

Single

Mixed

Post-operative

Fluids & I/V

SI

McKenny, 2013

102

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SV

Mikor, 2015

84

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

ScVO2

Moppett, 2015

130

Single

Emergency

Intra-operative

Fluids

SV

Mythen, 1995

60

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SV, CVP

Osawa, 2016

126

Single

Elective

Intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVI, CI

Pearse, 2005

122

Single

Mixed

Post-operative

Fluids & I/V

SV, DO2I, CI

Pearse, 2014

734

Multi

Mixed

Intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

SV

Peng, 2014

80

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SVV

Pestaña, 2014

170

Multi

Elective

Intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

SV, CI, MAP

Phan, 2014

100

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SVI, FTc

Reisinger, 2017

58

Single

Elective

Intra/post-operative

Fluids

SVI

Salzwedel, 2013

180

Multi

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

PPV, CI

Sandham, 2003

1994

Multi

Mixed

Pre-operative

Fluids & I/V

DO2I, CI

Scheeren, 2013

64

Multi

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SVV, SV

Schmid, 2016

193

Single

Elective

Intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

GEDI, CI

Senagore, 2009

64

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SV

Shoemaker, 1998

88

Single

Mixed

Pre-operative

Fluids & I/V

CI, DO2I, VO2I

Sinclair, 1997

40

Single

Emergency

Intra-operative

Fluids

SV, FTc

Stens, 2017

244

Multi

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

CI, PPV

Ueno, 1998

34

Single

Elective

Post-operative

Fluids & I/V

CI, DO2I, VO2I

Valentine, 1998

120

Single

Elective

Pre-operative

Fluids & I/V

PCWP, CI, SVR

Van der Linden, 2010

57

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

CI

Venn, 2002

90

Single

Emergency

Intra-operative

Fluids

SV, FTc

Wakeling, 2005

134

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SV

Weinberg, 2017

52

Multi

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVV, CI

Weinberg, 2019

50

Multi

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVV, CI

Wilson, 1999

138

Single

Elective

Pre/intra/post-operative

Fluids & I/V

DO2I

Wu, 2017

66

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVV, CI

Xu, 2017

172

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVV, CI

Yin, 2018

50

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVV, CI

Zakhaleva 2013

91

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SV, FTc

Zeng, 2014

60

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids

SVV

Zhang, 2013

60

Single

Elective

Intra-operative

Fluids & I/V

SVV, CI