| Educational focus |
| Evaluation of surgical versus non-surgical (gas) pain | Minimizing intraoperative opioid use | Setting patient expectations regarding postoperative pain |
| Use of non-medical interventions as first line (heat packs, ice packs) | Advocating use of TAP blocks or local anesthesia | Avoiding escalating opioid use without discussing risk and benefit with patients |
| Recommendations regarding escalation of analgesic interventions with use of opioids last | Running epidurals intra-operatively when available | Recommendations regarding escalation of non-pharmacologic analgesia and pharmacologic analgesia |
| Advocating use of multimodal analgesia | Use of multimodal analgesia (magnesium, lidocaine if appropriate, Toradol) | Use of multimodal analgesia |
| Educational strategy |
| Quarterly in-services | Written protocol | Monthly didactic conference |
| Standard booklet | Monthly didactic conference | Monthly orientation and handbook |
| Website | Website | Website |
