HES | Control | Standardized difference | |
---|---|---|---|
Preoperative parameters | |||
Number of patients | 481 | 962 | |
Age (years) | 65.9 ± 13.2 | 66.2 ± 12.2 | 2.74 |
Male gender | 292 (60.7%) | 581 (60.4%) | 0.65 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.1 ± 3.8 | 22.9 ± 3.2 | 0.49 |
Preoperative creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.92 ± 0.40 | 0.93 ± 0.40 | 2.17 |
Emergency | 180 (37.4%) | 369 (38.4%) | −1.99 |
Preoperative comorbidities | |||
Hypertension | 289 (60.0%) | 587 (61.0%) | −1.96 |
Diabetes mellitus | 68 (14.1%) | 142 (14.8%) | −2.52 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 12 (2.5%) | 23 (2.4%) | 2.18 |
Chronic heart failure | 192 (39.9%) | 383 (39.8%) | 0.22 |
Atrial fibrillation | 113 (23.5%) | 232 (24.1%) | −1.72 |
American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification | |||
1 | 10 (2.1%) | 20 (2.1%) | |
2 | 296 (61.5%) | 553 (57.5%) | |
3 | 143 (29.7%) | 314 (32.6%) | |
4 | 26 (5.4%) | 72 (7.5%) | |
5 | 6 (1.2%) | 3 (0.3%) | |
Preoperative medication | |||
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors | 82 (17.0%) | 170 (17.7%) | −2.17 |
Angiotensin II receptor blockers | 168 (34.9%) | 341 (35.4%) | −1.14 |
Intraoperative parameters | |||
HES (mL) | 692 ± 387 | – | |
Hespander® (mL) | 14 ± 104 | ||
Salinhes® (mL) | 627 ± 432 | ||
Voluven® (mL) | 50 ± 186 | ||
Crystalloids (mL) | 2524 ± 1627 | 2553 ± 1129 | 2.06 |
Red blood cells (mL) | 457 ± 959 | 511 ± 858 | 5.84 |
Fresh frozen plasma (mL) | 392 ± 628 | 440 ± 653 | 7.60 |
Platelet concentrates (mL) | 102 ± 193 | 112 ± 192 | 4.99 |
Estimated blood loss (mL) | 669 ± 656 | 715 ± 681 | 6.82 |
Urinary outputs (mL) | 1387 ± 884 | 1391 ± 846 | 0.48 |
Operative time (min) | 356 ± 124 | 364 ± 116 | 7.16 |
Cardiopulmonary bypass time (min) | 170 ± 67 | 173 ± 61 | 5.53 |
Longest interval of mABP < 65 (min) | 66 ± 54 | 67 ± 53 | 1.92 |
Total mABP < 65 duration (min) | 210 ± 107 | 215 ± 114 | 5.09 |
Operation procedures | |||
On-pump CABG | 8 (1.7%) | 14 (1.5%) | |
Valve surgeries | 261 (54.3%) | 489 (50.8%) | |
Valve + CABG | 34 (7.1%) | 93 (9.7%) | |
Major aortic surgeries | 152 (31.6%) | 316 (32.8%) | |
Others | 26 (5.4%) | 50 (5.2%) |