Table 4 Preoperative and intraoperative factors associated with postoperative acute kidney injury by multivariable logistic regression analysis

Age

1.04 (0.99–1.10)

0.13

Male gender

2.42 (0.80–7.33)

0.12

Body mass index (kg/m2)

1.19 (1.02–1.39)

0.028

Hypertension

2.25 (0.75–6.73)

0.15

Diabetes mellitus

1.19 (0.24–5.91)

0.83

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1.00 (0.99–1.02)

0.22

Chronic heart failure

0.59 (0.18–1.95)

0.38

American Society of Anesthesiologists classification

1.73 (0.85–3.49)

0.13

Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors

0.91 (0.18–4.68)

0.91

Angiotensin receptor blockers

0.91 (0.27–3.02)

0.87

Atrial fibrillation

6.18 (1.71–22.3)

0.0054

Emergency

2.48 (0.76–8.10)

0.13

Operative time (hour)

1.31 (0.76–2.27)

0.33

Cardiopulmonary bypass time (min)

1.31 (0.76–2.27)

0.55

Estimated blood loss (/100 mL)

1.16 (1.03–1.30)

0.011

Urinary output

0.93 (0.85–1.01)

0.068

Crystalloid (/500 mL)

0.77 (0.57–1.04)

0.084

Hespander® (/500 mL)

2.05 (0.45–9.25)

0.35

Salinhes® (/500 mL)

0.53 (0.01–34.5)

0.77

Voluven® (/500 mL)

0.88 (0.31–2.53)

0.81

Red blood cells (/unit)

1.08 (0.89–1.30)

0.44

Fresh frozen plasma (/unit)

0.88 (0.79–0.99)

0.032

Platelet concentrates (/unit)

1.01 (0.95–1.07)

0.73

Autotransfusion (/unit)

0.78 (0.23–2.63)

0.68