Table 1 Demographic characteristics of study patients who did or did not receive HES before or after cardiopulmonary bypass

 Number of patients

536

1440

 Age (years)

65.8 ± 13.0

66.9 ± 12.0

− 1.46

 Male gender

338 (63.1%)

782 (54.3%)

18.2

 Body mass index (kg/m²)

22.7 ± 3.8

23.2 ± 3.8

7.10

 Preoperative serum creatinine (mg/dL)

1.00 ± 0.81

0.92 ± 0.39

− 37.7

 Emergency

202 (37.7%)

527 (36.6%)

2.33

  Hypertension

328 (61.2%)

859 (59.7%)

3.22

  Diabetes mellitus

79 (14.7%)

223 (15.5%)

− 2.91

  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

12 (2.2%)

31 (2.2%)

2.00

  Chronic heart failure

214 (39.9%)

598 (41.5%)

− 3.32

  Atrial fibrillation

130 (24.3%)

320 (22.2%)

5.70

  1

11 (2.1%)

24 (1.7%)

  2

329 (61.4%)

779 (54.1%)

  3

159 (30.0%)

523 (36.3%)

  4

31 (5.8%)

107 (7.4%)

  5

6 (1.1%)

7 (0.5%)

  Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors

105 (19.6%)

210 (14.6%)

17.7

  Angiotensin II receptor blockers

187 (34.9%)

466 (32.4%)

5.67

 HES (mL)

719 ± 422

–

 Hespander® (mL)

15 ± 105

 Salinhes® (mL)

655 ± 467

 Voluven® (mL)

49 ± 183

 Crystalloids (mL)

2549 ± 1611

2559 ± 1090

− 0.00025

 Red blood cells (mL)

547 ± 1074

494 ± 763

0.0123

 Fresh frozen plasma (mL)

486 ± 814

412 ± 592

0.0292

 Platelet concentrates (mL)

119 ± 210

111 ± 190

0.0423

 Autotransfusion (mL)

134 ± 292

76 ± 223

0.174

 Estimated blood loss (mL)

807 ± 889

649 ± 605

0.0547

 Urinary outputs (mL)

1412 ± 880

1338 ± 815

0.0207

 Operative time (min)

372 ± 144

354 ± 110

0.220

 Cardiopulmonary bypass time (min)

177 ± 79

168 ± 59

0.360

 Longest interval of mABP < 65 (min)

70 ± 57

66 ± 53

0.279

 Total mABP < 65 duration (min)

222 ± 124

211 ± 108

0.160

  On-pump CABG

8 (1.5%)

20 (1.4%)

  Valve surgery

291 (54.3%)

734 (51.0%)

  Valve + CABG

36 (6.7%)

140 (9.7%)

  Major aortic surgery

172 (32.1%)

461 (32.0%)

  Other

29 (5.4%)

85 (5.9%)