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Table 3 Antibiotic prescribing patterns in four surgical diagnoses groups at surgery departments of the TH and NTH

From: Perioperative antibiotic prescribing in surgery departments of two private sector hospitals in Madhya Pradesh, India

 

UUTSI

LUTSI

RASI

EASI

TH, N = 563

NTH, N = 1055

TH, N = 1624

NTH, N = 1453

TH, N = 2767

NTH, N = 1240

TH, N = 1435

NTH, N = 1679

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

Tetracyclines (J01A), n (% of N)

32 (6)

2 (< 1)

50 (3)

0

233 (8)

6 (< 1)

98 (7)

2 (< 1)

Amphenicols (J01B), n (% of N)

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

Penicillins (J01C), n (% of N)

17 (3)

42 (4)

77 (5)

80 (6)

219 (8)

80 (6)

131 (9)

147 (9)

 Penicillins with extended spectrum (J01CA), x (% of n)

3 (18)

2 (5)

5 (6)

4 (5)

21 (10)

16 (20)

0

10 (7)

 Penicillins combinations including enzyme inhibitors (J01CR), x (% of n)

14 (82)

40 (95)

72 (94)

76 (95)

198 (90)

64 (80)

131 (100)

137 (93)

Other beta-lactam antibiotics (J01D), n (% of N)

70 (12)

239 (23)

220 (14)

191 (13)

535 (19)

332 (27)

218 (15)

296 (18)

 First-generation cephalosporins J01DB, x (% of n)

19 (27)

7 (3)

49 (22)

1 (< 1)

149 (28)

17 (5)

50 (23)

11 (4)

 Second-generation cephalosporins J01 DC, x (% of n)

0

9 (4)

13 (6)

24 (13)

23 (4)

41 (12)

5 (2)

29 (10)

 Third-generation cephalosporins J01DD, x (% of n)

51 (72)

222 (93)

158 (72)

166 (87)

363 (68)

272 (82)

162 (74)

254 (86)

 Fourth-generation cephalosporins J01DE, x (% of n)

0

1 (< 1)

0

0

0

1 (< 1)

0

0

 Carbapenems J01DH, x (% of n)

0

0

0

0

0

1 (< 1)

1 (< 1)

2 (< 1)

Sulfonamids and trimethoprim (J01E), n (% of N)

11 (2)

0

85 (5)

0

100 (4)

0

16 (1)

0

Macrolids and lincosamids (J01F), n (% of N)

38 (7)

0

180 (11)

2 (< 1)

405 (15)

3 (< 1)

94 (7)

8 (< 1)

 Macrolids (J01FA), x (% of n)

0

0

4 (2)

0

3 (< 1)

0

1 (1)

0

 Lincosamids (J01FF), x (% of n)

38 (100)

0

176 (98)

2 (100)

402 (99)

3

93 (99)

8 (100)

Aminoglycosides (J01G), n (% of N)

76 (13)

269 (26)

328 (20)

449 (31)

486 (18)

250 (20)

189 (13)

225(13)

Quinolones (J01 M), n (% of N)

216 (38)

281 (27)

609 (38)

543 (37)

315 (11)

114 (9)

263 (18)

145 (9)

Fixed-dose combinations (J01R), n (% of N)

3 (1)

160 (15)

22 (1)

155 (11)

37 (1)

298 (24)

17 (1)

399 (24)

 Quinolones and imidazole derivatives*, x (% of n)

0

2 (1)

0

17 (11)

0

26 (9)

0

22 (6)

 Cephalosporins and enzyme inhibitors, x (% of n)

3 (100)

158 (99)

22 (100)

138 (89)

37

272 (91)

17 (100)

377 (94)

Other antibiotics (J01X), n (% of N)

100 (18)

62 (6)

53 (3)

33 (2)

437 (16)

157 (13)

408 (28)

457 (27)

 Imidazole derivatives (J01XD)**, x (% of n)

100 (100)

62 (97)

53 (100)

31 (94)

437 (100)

157 (100)

408 (100)

453 (99)

 Other antibiotics (J01XX), x (% of n)

0

2 (3)

0

2 (6)

0

0

0

4 (1)

  1. EASI emergency abdominal surgery indications, LUTSI lower urinary tract surgery indications, N total number of prescriptions in the diagnosis group, n number of prescriptions for the third-level ATC pharmacological sub-group, RASI routine abdominal surgery indications, UUTSI upper urinary tract surgery indications, x number of prescriptions for the fourth-level ATC pharmacological sub-group. Percentages were rounded and presented in parenthesis
  2. *Fixed-dose combinations that were not assigned by WHOCC, a fourth level ATC-code
  3. **The imidazole derivate group also included oral metronidazole categorized as P01AB01