Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics for the matched cohort (3422 per arm)
Demographics | No PAC % (n) | PAC % (n) | Standardized difference* |
|---|---|---|---|
Age at admission | |||
 Mean (Std. Dev) | 64.8 (11.5) | 64.9 (11.8) | 0.01 |
EuroScore II | |||
 Mean (Std. Dev) | 0.03 (0.03) | 0.03 (0.03) | 0.01 |
Gender | |||
 Female | 31.0 (1060) | 32.1 (1099) | 0.03 |
 Male | 69.0 (2362) | 67.9 (2323) | |
Race | |||
 Black | 6.5 (222) | 7.3 (250) | 0.03 |
 White | 86.2 (2951) | 85.6 (2928) | |
 Asian | 1.2 (41) | 1.2 (40) | |
 Hispanic | 0.6 (21) | 0.6 (22) | |
 Other | 5.5 (187) | 5.3 (182) | |
Institution bed size | |||
 100–199 | 0.3 (10) | 0.4 (15) | 0.04 |
 200–299 | 22.2 (761) | 21.2 (727) | |
 300–499 | 16.0 (547) | 15.1 (518) | |
 500+ | 61.5 (2104) | 63.2 (2162) | |
Admission type | |||
 Elective | 52.4 (1792) | 53.3 (1823) | 0.04 |
 Non-elective | 44.4 (1522) | 44.2 (1511) | |
 Other/unspecified | 3.2 (108) | 2.6 (88) | |
Payer | |||
 Commercial | 35.1 (1201) | 35.2 (1204) | 0.03 |
 Government | 48.3 (1653) | 48.0 (1634) | |
 Payer not available | 8.4 (288) | 9.0 (307) | |
 Self-pay | 8.2 (280) | 8.1 (277) | |
Teaching institution | |||
 Yes | 86.4 (2956) | 86.3 (2953) | 0.00 |
 No | 13.6 (466) | 13.7 (469) | |
US census region | |||
 South | 52.0 (1781) | 53.0 (1815) | 0.04 |
 Northeast | 22.9 (784) | 21.6 (740) | |
 Midwest | 14.3 (490) | 13.9 (477) | |
 West | 10.7 (367) | 11.4 (390) | |
Cardiac procedure class | |||
 Isolated CABG | 65.5 (2241) | 64.0 (2191) | 0.04 |
 Isolated valve | 19.8 (679) | 21.1 (723) | |
 Multi-cardiac procedure | 13.0 (446) | 13.5 (461) | |
 Heart transplant | 0.8 (26) | 0.7 (23) | |
 Other complex non-valvular | 0.8 (29) | 0.7 (23) | |
 Aortic procedure | 0.0 (1) | 0.0 (1) | |