Table 2 Baseline characteristics (n = 442, unless otherwise stated). All values n(%) unless otherwise stated
Overall | Anaemic | Not anaemic | P (anaemic vs not anaemic) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 442) | (n = 139) | (n = 303) | ||
Frequency (%)/mean ± SD | Frequency (%)/mean ± SD | Frequency (%)/mean ± SD | ||
Demographics | ||||
Age (mean/years) | 66.5 ± 10.6 | 69.5 ± 10.5 | 65.11 ± 10.4 | 0.000 |
Female gender | 92 (20.8) | 32 (23.0) | 60 (19.8) | 0.451 |
Ethnicity (White British) (n = 438) | 377 (86.1) | 106 (76.8) | 271 (90.3) | 0.001 |
Medical history | ||||
Renal (dialysis) | 7 (1.6) | 6 (4.3) | 1 (0.3) | 0.005 |
History of previous MI (n = 415) | 147 (35.4) | 49 (38.0) | 98 (34.3) | 0.375 |
Re-operation | 18 (4.1) | 8 (5.8) | 10 (3.3) | 0.299 |
Cerebrovascular accident | 16 (3.6) | 9 (6.5) | 7 (2.3) | 0.050 |
Gastrointestinal disease | 50 (11.3) | 23 (16.5) | 2 (8.9) | 0.023 |
Congestive heart failure (n = 415) | 13 (3.1) | 8 (6.2) | 5 (1.7) | 0.034 |
Symptoms | ||||
NYHA class (n = 441) | ||||
- I | 114 (25.9) | 32 (23.0) | 82 (27.2) | 0.245 |
- II | 204 (46.3) | 65 (46.8) | 139 (46.0) | |
- III | 101 (22.9) | 31 (22.3) | 70 (23.2) | |
- IV | 22 (5.0) | 11 (2.5) | 11 (3.6) | |
Cardiac risk factors | ||||
Smoking | ||||
- Current | 49 (11.1) | 14 (10.1) | 35 (11.6) | 0.891 |
- Ex | 244 (55.2) | 77 (55.4) | 167 (55.1) | |
- Never | 149 (33.7) | 48 (34.5) | 101 (33.3) | |
Hypertension | 302 (68.3) | 95 (68.3) | 207 (68.3) | 1.000 |
Hypercholesteraemia | 341 (77.1) | 101 (72.7) | 240 (79.5) | 0.142 |
Diabetes | 103 (23.3) | 53 (38.1) | 50 (16.5) | 0.000 |
BMI (kg/m2)/mean | 28.6 ± 5.7 | 28.1 ± 6.0 | 28.8 ± 5.5 | 0.262 |
Examination and investigation | ||||
LVEF (n = 434) | ||||
- Good | 323 (74.4) | 101 (74.3) | 222 (74.5) | 0.167 |
- Fair | 88 (20.3) | 24 (17.6) | 64 (21.5) | |
- Poor | 23 (5.3) | 11 (8.1) | 12 (4.0) | |
Number diseased vessels (n = 435) | ||||
- 0 | 79 (18.2) | 28 (20.6) | 51 (17.1) | 0.799 |
- 1 | 34 (7.8) | 10 (7.4) | 24 (8.0) | |
- 2 | 80 (18.4) | 26 (19.1) | 54 (18.1) | |
- 3 | 242 (55.6) | 72 (52.9) | 170 (56.9) | |
Pre-operative risk assessment | ||||
EuroSCORE (median [IQR]) | 4 [1–5] | 5 [2–6] | 3 [1–4] | 0.000 |
Intra-operative details | ||||
Operative priority | ||||
-Elective | 308 (69.7) | 73 (52.5) | 235 (77.6) | 0.000 |
Operation performed | ||||
- CABG | 298 (67.4) | 86 (61.9) | 212 (70.0) | 0.103 |
- AVR | 61 (13.8) | 18 (12.9) | 43 (14.2) | |
- MVR | 10 (2.3) | 5 (3.6) | 5 (1.7) | |
- CABG + AVR | 35 (7.9) | 14 (10.1) | 21 (6.9) | |
- CABG + MVR | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
- AVR + MVR | 3 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (1.0) | |
- CABG + AVR + MVR | 2 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.7) | |
- Other | 33 (7.5) | 16 (11.5) | 17 (5.6) | |
Duration of operation (min) | 224.0 ± 54.1 | 230.3 ± 64.5 | 221.0 ± 48.3 | 0.098 |
Cardiopulmonary bypass used | 410 (93.4) | 139 (92.8) | 281 (93.7) | 0.837 |
Cardiopulmonary bypass time (n = 428) | 79.0 ± 35.8 | 80.8 ± 41.6 | 78.2 ± 32.8 | 0.495 |
Aortic cross clamp time | 51.0 ± 24.9 | 52.7 ± 29.5 | 50.26 ± 22.6 | 0.362 |
Outcome | ||||
Number of hours ventilated (h) (n = 392) | 9.84 ± 58.2 | 8.0 ± 6.6 | 10.6 ± 69.3 | 0.690 |
Length of ICU stay (mean/days) (n = 416) | 2.0 ± 3.5 | 3.0 ± 5.7 | 1.6 ± 1.6 | 0.000 |
Readmitted to ICU | 15 (3.4) | 11 (8.4) | 4 (1.4) | 0.001 |
Return to theatre | 21 (4.8) | 13 (9.6) | 8 (2.7) | 0.003 |
Total length of hospital stay (mean/days) | 11.8 ± 11.7 | 15.2 ± 17.2 | 10.2 ± 7.6 | 0.000 |