Postoperative respiratory failure necessitating transfer to the intensive care unit in orthopedic surgery patients: risk factors, costs, and outcomes

Table 4 Hospitalization details and outcomes

Variable	Cases (n = 51)	Controls (n = 153)	p value*
Mechanical ventilation	18 % (9)
Non-invasive ventilatory support (BiPAP)	31 % (16)
Total ventilation time, h	56 (1–347)
ICU length of stay, days	1.6 (0.2–17)
Hospital length of stay, days	7 (2–41)	3 (1–8)	<0.001
In-hospital mortality	6 % (3)	0 % (0)	0.003
Cost of hospitalization, $US^a	46,456	19,885	<0.001
Discharge destination
Died	6 % (3)	0 % (0)	0.003
Home	55 % (28)	70 % (107)	0.046
SNF/rehabilitation	39 % (20)	30 % (46)	0.193

Results are expressed as median (range) or percent (n) unless otherwise indicated
ICU intensive care unit, SNF skilled nursing facility
*Wilcoxon rank-sum test, two-sample t test, or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate
^aMean US dollars

ISSN: 2047-0525