Table 4 Selected factors and adjusted odds ratios for postoperative pulmonary complications
From: Postoperative pulmonary complications following major elective abdominal surgery: a cohort study
| OR (95 % CI) | p value | |
|---|---|---|
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 16.77 (2.56–109.88) | 0.003 |
| Cancer operation | 5.13 (0.41–62.5) | 0.205 |
| Nasogastric tube | 2.15 (0.33–4.01) | 0.411 |
| Duration of surgery | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.007 |
| Elective critical care admission | 4.45 (0.45–43.75) | 0.200 |
| Analgesia use in the first 24 h | ||
| Epidural | Reference | |
| Patient controlled analgesia | 0.83 (0.05–15.26) | 0.898 |
| Wound catheter | 3.05 (0.40–22.98) | 0.279 |
| Oral analgesia only | 2.56 (0.23–10.54) | 0.636 |
| Change in analgesia strategy in the first 24 h | 0.24 (0.02–2.70) | 0.247 |
| Incentive spirometer | 2.93 (0.12–23.83) | 0.782 |