Table 1 Summary of sample sizes, population, regime, and outcomes
Author | Location | Patients (chlorhexidine vs. control) | Population | Chlorhexidine strength | Regime | Overall nosocomial infection | Postoperative pneumonia | Mortality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
De Riso 1996 | USA | 353 (173 vs. 180) | Cardiac | 0.12 % | Preop (no time scale given) and postop (discharge from ITU or death). Mean = 8.2 days | 8/173 (4.6 %) 24/180 (13.3 %) | 5/173 (2.9 %) 17/180 (9.4 %) | 3/173 (1.7 %) 10/180 (5.6 %) |
Houston et al 2002 | USA | 561 (270 vs. 291) | Cardiac | 0.12 % | Preop (no time scale given) and postop (10 days or extubation, tracheostomy, development of POP or death) | – | 4/270 (1.5 %) 9/291 (3.1 %) | 6/270 (2.2 %) 3/291 (1 %) |
Nicolosi et al 2014 | Argentina | 300 (150 vs. 150) | Cardiac | 0.12Â % | Preop (3Â days) | 46/150 (30.7Â %) 69/150 (46Â %) | 4/150 (2.7Â %) 13/150 (8.7Â %) | 8/150 (5.3Â %) 7/150 (4.7Â %) |
Segers et al. 2006 | USA | 991 (500 vs. 491) | Cardiac | 0.12 % | Preop (mean = 1.9 days) and postop (no time scale given) | 116/500 (23.2 %) 164/491 (33.4 %) | 45/500 (9 %) 74/491 (15.1 %) | 8/500 (1.6 %) 6/491 (1.2 %) |