Table 6 Univariate and multivariate analysis of pre- and intra-operative factors associated with serum lactate concentration following liver resection in 488 patients

Factor

P value

P value

Age

0.246*

0.925

Gender

0.012*

0.129

Pathology

Benign vs. Primary

0.442

0.144

Primary vs. Secondary

0.226*

0.878

Liver-directed chemotherapy

0.129*

0.219

Open or laparoscopic resection

0.009*

0.611

Radiofrequency ablation

0.191*

0.402

Wedge resection included

<0.001*

0.086

Bile duct reconstruction

0.004*

0.651

Number of segments resected

<0.001*

<0.001†

Synchronous bowel procedure

0.516

Surgeon’s assessment of liver

<0.001*

<0.001†

Redo operation

1st vs. 2nd resection

0.268

2nd vs. 3rd resection

0.654

Pre-operative diabetes

<0.001*

0.002†

Body mass index

0.06*

0.905

ASA grade

1 vs. 2

0.014*

0.824

2 vs. 3

0.709

0.872

P-POSSUM physiologic score

0.054*

0.221

Hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis

0.667

Pre-operative bilirubin

0.320

Pre-operative haemoglobin

0.633

Neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio

0.400

Pre-operative albumin

0.399

Pre-operative alkaline phosphatase

0.014*

0.775

Pre-operative creatinine

0.392

Pre-operative glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >90 ml/min

0.042*

0.054

Blood loss (ml)

<500 vs. 500-999

<0.001*

0.013†

500-999 vs. >1000

0.435

0.884

Units of red cells transfused

<0.001*

<0.001†