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Table 4 Commonly applied crystalloid solutions: osmolality, cationic and anionic composition

From: Dose and type of crystalloid fluid therapy in adult hospitalized patients

  Osmolality (mOsm/kg) pH Na+(mmol/l) K+(mmol/l) Ca2+(mmol/l) Mg2+(mmol/l) HCO3(mmol/l) Lactate (mmol/l) Other buffer (mmol/l) Cl-(mmol/l)
0.9% saline 308 5.5 154        154
Ringer’s 309   147 4 5      156
Ringer’s lactate 273 6.5 130 5.4 2.7    29   109
Ringer’s lactate 273 6.5 130 5.4 2.7     29a  
Hartmann’s 280 6.5 131 5.4 2    29   112
 Modified 290   145 4 2.5 1    24a1 127
 Balanced 294 5.5 140 5   1.5    50b 98
 Fluids 299 5.5 140 10 5 3   8 47a 103
1.4% Na bicarbonate 333 >7.0 167     167    
4.2% Na bicarbonate 1,000 >7.0 500     500    
8.4% Na bicarbonate 2,000 >7.0 1,000     1,000    
3% saline 1,026   513        513
7% saline 2,394   1,197        1,197
  1. aacetate, a1 with 5 mmol/l maleate, b27 mmol/l as acetate and 23 mmol/l as gluconate.
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Perioperative Medicine

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