Dose and type of crystalloid fluid therapy in adult hospitalized patients

Table 4 Commonly applied crystalloid solutions: osmolality, cationic and anionic composition

	Osmolality (mOsm/kg)	pH	Na⁺(mmol/l)	K⁺(mmol/l)	Ca²⁺(mmol/l)	Mg²⁺(mmol/l)	HCO₃(mmol/l)	Lactate (mmol/l)	Other buffer (mmol/l)	Cl^-(mmol/l)
0.9% saline	308	5.5	154							154
Ringer’s	309		147	4	5					156
Ringer’s lactate	273	6.5	130	5.4	2.7			29		109
Ringer’s lactate	273	6.5	130	5.4	2.7				29^a
Hartmann’s	280	6.5	131	5.4	2			29		112
Modified	290		145	4	2.5	1			24^a₁	127
Balanced	294	5.5	140	5		1.5			50^b	98
Fluids	299	5.5	140	10	5	3		8	47^a	103
1.4% Na bicarbonate	333	>7.0	167				167
4.2% Na bicarbonate	1,000	>7.0	500				500
8.4% Na bicarbonate	2,000	>7.0	1,000				1,000
3% saline	1,026		513							513
7% saline	2,394		1,197							1,197

^aacetate, ^a₁ with 5 mmol/l maleate, ^b27 mmol/l as acetate and 23 mmol/l as gluconate.

ISSN: 2047-0525